ICT INDUSTRY OUTLOOK AND SKILLS REQUIREMENTS

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ICT INDUSTRY OUTLOOK AND SKILLS REQUIREMENTS Cynthia R. Mamon 

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OUTLINE ™ Knowledge Economy/Society = ICT Situationer ® Skills Needed in the Future Workplace ™ NISSP ™ Challenges Ahead 

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Knowledge Economy ™ -economy in which knowledge is created acquired transmitted and used more effectively by individuals enterprises organizations and communities to promote economic and social development = -relies on use of ideas than physical abilities and application of technology rather than the transformation of raw materials or the exploitation of cheap labor 

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Knowledge Society ™ Describes how “knowledge-on-tap will transform societies into smart communities largely through the impact of the ICTT convergence 

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Knowledge Workers = Technical skills include literacy, foreign language mathematics science problem solving and analytical skills = Interpersonal skills include teamwork leadership and communication skills ™ Methodological skills include the ability to learn on one’s own, to pursue lifelong learbing and to cope with risk and change 

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۱۲ ۲ = Countries with faster growing IT sectors have faster growing economies = IT sector growth is driven by spending on software and IT services = IT sector contributes more to an economy where there is strong IPR protection 

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Opportunities for BPO = Phils is an important offshore player = Phils has a different starting point ™ Cultural affinity to the West positions RP well to work with and conduct business with US outsourcers 

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F Estimated BPO market breakup by Geography (FY 2004) Japan) 3.0% Caneda(4) 4.0% ‘Asia Pacitic( 5) 5.0% EB us( 52) \_. Europe (32) BE Asia Pacific( 5) |. Canada(4) Japan(a) us; 52) acon Bl ROWG) Figure in Brackets() indicates number ‏ول‎ > US comprised 52% of the worldwide BPO market in 1999 & is projected to increase to 54% by 2004. The primary countries involved in the offshore market for BPO services include India, Philippines, Ireland, Mexico,Guatemala, Canada, Hungary, Poland , Czech Republie ete. ‘Source: Gartner DataQuest 

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‘Top Business Processes Outsourced in 2001 Administration HR Payment Services ‘Supply Chain Management Finance and Accounting Sales, Marketing and Customer Care ercent 1 1 1 1 1 8 5 10 15 20 25 + Administration services comprises the largest portion of the BPO market,followed by human resour and payment services Sourve: Gariner DataQuest (January 2002) 

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Quisourcing - emerging trend e-business on demand ..the Next Paradigm Once considered a quick way to improve the di, bottom line, today’s outsourcing model has 101 shifted from a solely cost effective means of 11 0} data center management to an integral part 9.9" of business strategy and transformation that affects entire business processes. 

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Summary - e-Business on demand e-Sourcing ‏جات بت‎ 1 | In Short... 105 تذعنامعم معمجمعع ,عع عمعفه بصم ‎Insourcing‏ eee ae) Insourcing 1996 1998 ۰ 2000 202 2004 2006 AsIT Solutions Grow in Complexity, the Benefits of Outsourcing Increas: 

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Technical Skills Needed ™ For banks-Mainframe COBOL, Java or Visual Basic. Micro progarmming aand SQL = For retail-Chowking,Novartis healthcare retail etc = Telco-Database mgt (SQL, Access,Oracle, Sybase)business recovery and systems admin 

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ICT in Education ™ Increases access to improving the relevance and quality of education = Helps prepare individuals for the workplace = Helps improve the quality of education = Increases learner motivation and engagement = Facilitates the acquisition of basic skills = Enhances teacher training = Transforms the learning environment into one that is learner-centered 

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Skills Needed in the Workplace of the Future « Digital Age Literacy = Inventive Thinking ™ Higher-order thinking = Effective communication « High productivity 

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Digital Age Literacy ™ Functional Literacy ™ Scientific Literacy ™ Technological Literacy = Information Literacy = Cultural Literacy ™ Global Awareness 

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Intensive Thinking = Adaptability ™ Curiosity ™ Creativity ® Risk-taking 

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Effective Communication = Teaming = Collaboration ™ Personal and Social = Interactive Communication 

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ICCT NSSP Summary 

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Industry ‘products 

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Purpose of the Plan >A planning tool and source of advice on industry trends, training needs and objectives >Blueprint that will guide the industry’s skill development and training priorities for the planning period. >A decision-making framework for both government and the private sector in determining their best approach for tapping the ICT manpower resource of this country 

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(0 ۱۱۱۱۲۱ Structure of the Plan 1. Introduction 2. Industry Overview 3. The key issues-and directions ۰۰۰ identified by the industry 4. The action agenda aimed at achieving a stronger match between industry demand and education and training supply 5. Astrategic plan for 2004-2005 with key result areas, strategies and performance measures 

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The plan identifies areas for improvements in the current policy and practice managing education. and training to ensure that standards are implemented accordingly, continually updated and benefiting the graduates and the hiring companies as well. 

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Process of Development The IWG Executive Committee spearheaded the Preparation 0 NS ‏سس‎ Developed using: 1. Reports and information currently and readily available including : ITECC Strategic plan 2003 2002 Survey of Information and Communication Technology of the Philippine Business and Industry (SCIT), National Statistics Office, 2002 = The State of Philippines IT Manpower, The 

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> Industry consultations: - Five Consultation.workshops.in.Manila,.Dawao,.Cebu and Legaspi - IWG and its subcommittees - Drafts presented to various ICT stakeholders and industry leaders / influencers - Revised continuously to reflect the various inputs 

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Summary of NSSP >The ICT industry-identified-as-a-key ‏مس‎ ‎sector to lead the economic development. >A competent ICT workforce — key requirement for economic prosperity. »Deep concern within the industry that the overall supply side does not match industry demand. 

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1: ‏طاصت‎ . [Major ovesupaly of ICT programs and| between Supply | graduates, far more then what the local and Demand- _| industry needs and can absorb. 2Mismich | Intemationlly, the Philippines Is a low between Supply |lovel of IT skills IT sills are not aligned| andDemand- |with the global IT services market Quality ‘compared to other countries. 3 Status of Many industries ‏توت لت‎ have} 00202000 TVET recnuitment policies which require the| holding of a degree qualification when a| TVET leva qualification would be more| appropriate to the salls required. 4 Lackot No riiable and sustaimble source of| Informationon | information regarting existing IT-related| Training Skills. No updated database of graduates| Provision vith ICT and vendor spexific cattification. 5 Limited ‘Linited information and docurentation on| Informationon | positions and stalls required by the Industry Skill inckstry, Training instibtions have limited| Requirements | information upon which to determine the qualifications and programs necded by| industry. 

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@ Competence of | 5. Limited Information on Industry Skill ICT Educational | Requirements, ‘Managers and Teachers, 7, Assessment and Cattification of skill by vendors and govemment, support by the domestic ICT industry appears mixed. The number of IT specialists with vendor qualifications ‏كذ‎ vay low compared to neighboring countries. @IndustryLed |The content of ICT taining programs and the [Arrangements / | extent of provision are layely decided by the Governance privae TVET training sector. The influence of industry and govemment on the quality and quantity of programs is limited, ‘9Cuniaiaand |The qudity of amicila vais considerably Programs between schools Courses structures, are considered too rigid and inflexible to service the need of the indy. 1OProgam ‘The TVET training sector opactes without registrationand | adequate intemal and extemal regulation, quality assurance | resulting in wide variances in the quality of 

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1, Define industry skill needs 3. Develop TVET 2. Develop TVET ‏ی بر‎ Products 

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KRA 1: Identification of Industry skills needs (Define needs) Goal - To.i industry’s skill needs so that appropriate resources may be allocated for training and assessment. 

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KRA 2: Development of TVET Produc Goal - To assure the availability of sufficient high quality products so that industry skill development needs can be met. 

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KRA 3: Development of TVET Services (Develop Services) Goal - To ensure the availability of efficient and effective training and assessment processes which are compliant with industry standards and priorities. 

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KRA ۰ of Industry Recognized Training (Deliver/Disseminate Outputs) Goal - To develop an_ industry training/learning culture based on a commitment to meeting industry training priorities and standards. 

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TESDA Priorities for 2003 - 2004 The Director General’s priorities call for the “full i competency-based TVET system over the next two years” as “both a statement of expectation and a vision of the future.” The ICT Plan developed by the industry is a blue print for the implementation of the competency based TVET system for the ICT sector. 

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Scope of ICT functions includes WF SV SEORIS ANG Gale ‏ا‎ ‎™Project Management ™Software Development ™Technical Engineering ™Information Systems and Security Administration ™Technical Support "Training and Development "ICT applications/use 

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Framework for ICT Functions and ‘Occupational ICT Industry Components Higher ICT Companies | ICT Enabled ICT Uses Professions | | SofwareQA Manga [TT Sytens Manager | Account ICT Project Marager | ‏وت | سوه‎ Busines Systems | ‏عسوم‌و‎ | Doctor 

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PC / Hardware / Network: | ‏زحصجسیر‎ Network technician eres, ‎Call center supervisor‏ سا ‎ ‎ 

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Junior programmer/ooder_] Warehouse operator (Community members ‘Telecom installer/rigger | Data encoder ‘Student Cabler Clerical officer Family members ‘Computer hardware Call center operator repairer ‘Medical transcriptor 

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Industry Makeup and Outlook Investments IT spending in the Philippines for 2002 and 2003 period was US$961 million and US$1,079 million respectively, estimates for 2004 is US$1,236 million. IT spending is expected to grow however the majority of spending is expected to be in hardware and software. The human resource requirements are expected to be largely satisfied by skill upgrading of the existing workforce. 

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National Industry and Government Priorities The national government views the ICT industry as a major economic resource. The government’s:thrustis:in-promoting:th@ == country as an e-services center for Asia. There are 5 areas identified by ITECC requiring world class competence from Filipino workers. These are: 1. Call Center. Business Process Outsourcing. Animation. Software Development. Medical Transcription. oe ‏تا‎ 

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The ITECC/Government objective is to create an ePhilippines through the following strategies: ۰ ۰ Provide Government Services to Stakeholders Online. ۰ Provide affordable internet access to all segments of the population ۰ Create an enabling legal and regulatory environment. ۰ Develop the country as a World Class ICT Services Provider. 

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Distribution of the ICT Industry and Workforce 1 Workforce -Total IT manpower employed in the Philippines at 2002 estimated at 567,802. -Projected IT job openings of 34,976 in 2004. -The majority of the IT workforce is found in ICT Enabled Businesses. -The general business sector accounts for 29.1% of the IT workforce and the Education 19.5%. 

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۱۵ -The majority of ICT work is in Metro Manila. Cebu City is also a location of significant-lGremployment;-as-is-Davao-Gity= -In addition to these cities, the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) has identified other regional IT Hubs namely Cagayan De Oro, Demaguette, Clark and Subic. -The ICT Companies such as software development houses, Telecom carriers, IT vendors and IT consultancies are mainly located in Metro Manila. 

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Biggest Users of ICT ication.S -Banks and Financial Services -Education -Individuals -Government 

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Much of the ICT Systems development and administration work for national organizations is based in Manila, while ICT operations is the focus of work in the cities, provinces and regions, as well as Manila 

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Growth in ICT Jobs The occupations with the highest growth potential are: > Software Developer > Encoder > Systems Analyst, and > Information Systems and Security Administrator. 

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Global Demand for Network Enabled Services 0 ‏وود‎ 2008 ony lac ‏اف فلس ینام اس نا ان نا‎ Call Centers Finance and Accounting ‘Animation Engineering and Design Transcription, Translation, and Localization Business Process Outsourcing, etc. “Figures in $ bilions. The Indian IT Strategy, NASSCOM-MeKinsey, 1999. 

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Implications for ICT Education and Training NOR/MazeManila | Disloms Recon ‏مه‎ ‎aT Hubor foo ‏مایت‎ 

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Summary of Skills Required by the ICT industry Entry Level Use Word processing, spreadsheet, presentation" and reporting functions ‘Special ICT use Call center agents, medical transcriptors and data encoders ICT Technical Engineering Software Development/Programming Analytical Management English Language Proficiency “Communications Entrepreneurial General Business Application/Orientation 

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Matching Supply and Demand- Quantity -Major oversuppl graduates, far more than what the local industry needs and can absorb -There are more and more students enrolling in the IT mainly because of the notion that there are job opportunities in the labor market today. -In many regions it is estimated that about 80% of TVET enrolments are in ICT. 

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Some major national IT schools design programs and content determined by their marketing departments rather than being based on an accurate assessment of the job and skill needs of the ICT industry in the local area. 

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TESDA’s Registration Procedures do not require training providers to give evidence of local industry demand and support for programs submitted for registration. 

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Providers need to work with their local ICT industry to determine local job opportunities-and skill requirements and factor this information into their program planning and provision. 

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Matching Supply and Demand-Quality The low absorption level of graduates into the employment mainstream is an indication that the country’s education and training system is not producing the kind of workers needed by industry. 1. Philippines has among the lowest level of IT skills compared to neighboring countries ‎IT skills are not aligned with the global IT services‏ بو ‎market‏ ‎3. Many IT schools hire their fresh graduates to teach the ‎next batch of students. Such teachers lack understanding and application of industry standards and recycle rather than add to the skills of the faculty and the quality of the programs. ‎4. Some companies have blacklisted several schools due to consistently poor quality of the graduates. 

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۳ ‏ا‎ ‎Status of TVET For IT specialist positions, employers give preference to g rather than graduates of TVET courses. There are several reasons for this situation including an abundance of IT college graduates for employers to choose from, company recruitment policies, and the low status of TVET in the eyes of parents, students and employers. Many ICT technician, middle management and service functions should be serviced by TVET level programs rather than degree programs. 

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Informati 1 Training Provision- Very little 

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Specifying Industry Skill Requirements 1. Limited information available on positions or skills that are most in demand either by the ICT industry. 2. ICT courses for students do not translate directly to job positions 3. Education and training system needs “industry agreed” information on the Industry’s competency requirements and priorities 

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Assessment and Certification 1. The JITSE standard has been recognized by the Philippine go’ for ICT industry and is seen as having potential to be used as a certification tool for a wide range of ICT programs. 2. TESDA has discontinued its assessment and certification program due to concerns over the quality and relevance of these assessments and the fact that there was already a range of industry recognized certification programs in place 3. Wide variation in standard of industry 4. Graduates seeks an appropriate assessment and certification process to measure skills of graduates 

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Curricula and Programs ‘TVET traditional__standard two-year curricula too academic and inflexible. -More short skill upgrading courses and IT should be integrated into other courses. -Program Registration processes should ensure programs are kept up to date and outdated and_ inaccurate curriculum content is removed. 

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Program Registration and Quality Assurance -Industry believes the TVET training sector operates without adequate regulation - All ICT programs submitted to TESDA Provincial Offices result in program registration being issued. -TESDA’s use of industry representatives in the review and registration process has been limited and inconsistent. -TESDA’s procedures should require providers to give evidence of industry research and support for the programs being submitted for registration. -The ICT IWG seeks a stronger and consistent involvement of industry in the assessment of programs for registration. 

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Competency-Based Training and Assessment Applied to ICT The Director General has called for the full implementation of the competency-based TVET 

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Competency Standards -The ICT industry is a global industry and as such the standards for the Philippines ICT industry need to be consistent with recognized international standards. -The adoption or adaptation of existing appropriate standards has been embraced by the industry as the primary strategy for standards development. 

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Priorities for Competency Standards Development The National |WG assist in the selection of sub sectors and functions for standards development »Government and Industry priorities identified by ITECC *Relative employment size of the hub sector/function >Course areas currently offered by TVET education and training providers »Standards development work already in progress 

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The functions identified for standards development during 2004 are: = Animation "Software developren?—————_—_—__—— "Legal transcription "Engineering/Architectural Drafting/Detailing "IT Systems Administration including networking, database, applications etc. "User/office/personal applications "Telecommunications =Computer repair and maintenance 

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Scope of Standards and Qualification Development The industry wishes to address the issue of consistency in the titles of ICT qualifications and programs; employers and students need clear and consistent terminology to describe to competencies held by individuals. 

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Reasons for poor quality of ICT Training 1. Courses not being on the real needs of industry ————~<~S;7«7SC7«S 2. Limited technical expertise of teachers 3. Inadequate quality assurance and regulatory arrangements 

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Challenges ™ Teacher professional development = Skills with particular application = Integration into existing curricula ™ Curricular changes related to the use of IT ™ Changes in teacher role = Underpinning educational theories 

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Challenges = Education administrators = Technical Support specialists = Content developers = Implementation of the NISSP = Formation of the ICT PMO ™ Designation of Associations to take care of Accreditation Qualification and Certification 

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Our role as leaders.... = “Leaders are designers, stewards and teachers. They are responsible for building organizations where people continually expand their capacities to understand complexity clarify vision and improve shared mental models-that is they are responsible for learning.” Peter Senge