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۱ رورا stol ecclesia ese
لي نت
if plant tissues are carefully regulated to just meet
requirements for biosynthesis of proteins, nucleic
atids, and other molecules needed to support growth
if acid catabolism does occur in plants, but its pu
igo produce metabolites for other biosynthetic
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their amino groups to’ iS
0 teres Samiry :105 لاه 00و1ع0منا
to CO: and H:O or, often more importantly, provide
6 three- and four-carbon units that can be converted
۱ by gluconeogenesis into glucose, the fuel for brain,
موطرقء
skeletal muscle, and other tissues.
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re ait 4
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we
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ae
1
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۳ Nitrogen, Nz, is sonia (asian وا اباط 0 9
inert for use in most biochem! processes. Because 5
ips: Most amino acids are < 4
0 ی se
۱۲6۵۵۱00۷۷۶ 0۴6 ۷
al descri ات
ae ate 9 J
rou ۹ e :
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to Amino
In humans, tha
acigybyithe” parietal Caligiend ‘pews igogen by
> ۳ 0۵ "(دتكم و
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درد در 0902
Mae): (leh) لته تنوف ت۱8
rough endoplasmic reticulum, the site
ENTS ین اك ل ل لي
|| ا 0
membrane-énclos@d transport particles called
سي granules.
(6)
fo}
/
1
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38
=
1
1
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“amino group is eek Heng
of -ke ات۸ لته وله و تلود
id are حلا reversible, ha’
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رآ دی
۳
t عناوم تا ت۱۳
group and the sd
group is pyridoxa
form of pyridoxine;
pyrid, hosphg
6
۲6۵
رات
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\ The incoming -keto acid ti Cen bins, Becepts the ۲ fof
amino group from pyridoxai سل
in the form of ana
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۳
2 ١ ۳ 9 a ای
۳ 5-5 at
0 ا the amino groups from many of the تن a
-amino aci ‘ollected in the fVver in the form of = =
~ ‘the amino group of .-glutamate molecules. Thes: i
0 prepare ابيا كف
تب(
this enzyme presen fe mltochoaral matrix
VEL ل the only enzyme MU »
(Fig. 18-7). بکاصه ۵0۷۷۵ "وج as the acceptor ™
وت ای وزل یلا i
ليلكا تن “اعم mate dehydrog:
A few amino acids bypi 1
۴ در tion ی
۲ 3 ® pathway and undergo direct oxidative deamination. a
= The fate of the NH: produced byany of these deamination
4 چا 560کنا کنه کز که 55ع»2۳0 16121] 1۴ 566100 ۰ Sa 2 5 /
1 The -ketoglutarate fopmed from glutamate deamination 5 3 ۲ /
ی 7
۹ ع5دمعنااو ۲۵۲ ۵00 6۷61۱6 2610 1۳۱6 9 هه لكت
if 35 5 2-2 مس
01
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هسوسو و > بسچ پیت
lites
‘arbon that
is generally bo
Fig. 18-5b, d).
base (aldimi
PLP, which sub
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وروت
rogenase, 0 ne
imonia and producing carbon skeletons
عا 5ع تمع عه ةناو غدمم ,عع باع يروم
ctions required for amino acid biosynthesis
سكن ۳
and other
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6۳۷ 1۳995
glutamate dehy@roger 5 1 سب را
capacity .
Roe iaN) koa Te ايد
dehydrogenases b
of plants and و ۱ tellin 0
one or the offer. The mammalian én: is-allosterically regulated
را هار۱
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FIGURE 189 Ammonia transport in the
form of Excess
‘smmoni ip Yesues fs added to glutamate to form
lutarnb
catalyzed by glutamine synthetase. After transport
in the bloodstrear
the glutamine ent 1d NH is liberated
invmitochonggia ماع
by the ۵02/5۵ .مدهو مسقاو
2°
1
OW
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0
اجه الط مت لبخت عرسي ملع as wh
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اوه
xy & ,
ZL pay
HOH fh
cx © )
اس نو
با etm Oy
1
او
10
ات ماه
لغ
ع
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Sis
اوه
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