عوامل موثر بر موفقیت انتشار نتایج پژوهش های دکتری در مجلات بین‌المللی

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عوامل موثر بر موفقیت انتشار نتایج پژوهش های دکتری در مجلات بين المدلی © دانشیار دانشکده مدبر بت دانشگاه تهر ان ۳ آذر ۱۳۹۲ 5 ۰ 

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‘The International Journal of Accounting 

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© Asian Journal of Business and Accounting 

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PAPER © Main stages research to publication © The Typical Outline for an Empirical Paper © Writing English Properly © Where to publish? © Journal Impact Factors © Submitting to journals © Acceptance or Rejection? ° Peer Review 

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Main stages research to publication = Planning & structuring = Doing the Literature Review = Data collection = Analysis = Writing = Disseminatior يا CO 

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BEST TOPIC: * WHATEVER INTERESTS YOU ¢ BUT KEEP THE PROFESSION IN MIND ¢ THINK ABOUT HOW IT FITS IN SOME LITERATURE 

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Main stages research to publication: = Planning & structuring = Doing the ature Re 00 (۳۵ = Data collection S 5 = Analysis pee” ‏وي‎ = Writing eview = Dissemination CHRIS|HART 

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Main stages research to publication: = Planning & structuring = Doing the Literature Review = Data collection = Analysis = Writing = Dissemination 

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Main stages research to publication: = Planning & structuring = Doing the Literature Review = Data collection = Analysis = Writing = Dissemination 

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Main stages research to publication: = Planning & structuring = Doing the Literature Review = Data collection = Analysis = Writing = Dissemination 

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Main stages research to publication: = Planning & structuring = Doing the Literature Review = Data collection = Analysis 

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THE TYPICAL OUTLINE FOR AN EMPIRICAL PAPER Typical outline * Introduction * Theory—or theoretical basis * Data * Results ۰ Tests and/or implications of result: * Conclusions/implications Journal ‏ك؛‎ ‎Accounting ‎Research 

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THE ACCOUNTING REVIEW AMERICAN ACCOUNTING ASSOCIATION “Introduction” * Not a literature review. It may cite things that motivate, but should never review them. * Is a statement of the problem, its background and importance. “Theory” ٠ To show something new, not to show you can repeat others. ¢ To derive or motivate your empirical work * To clarify your idea in readers’ minds 

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“Data” ٠ Longer if novel; shorter if data are well ‏الب شخ‎ known face & Economics ٠ Descriptive statistics—often can make main point here. “Results” ٠ The results must be discussed at lengt * Stress/discuss the original; spend no time on standard results. * Results must be linked to theoretical derivation—and vice-versa 

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۱ وم ماسرو ۱ میم ]1۳۵۱۵1۵ عصة عاوع]* ‎‘we'll have to move to the basement,‏ ۰ ‎Various tests for‏ ¢ ‎robustness of results—‏ ‎but only major ones.‏ ‎Minor checks go in‏ ‎footnotes.‏ ‎Uses of the results—‏ ¢ ‎explicit applications to‏ ‎problems‏ ۳ 

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“Conclusions/implications” ۰ NOT just a repeat of what you did. That should be = 2 paragraphs of a conclusion that is at least 3 paragraphs. * Should put in context of literature—what you have added. * Should say something about w go—but should be general; shc modifications of yours. * Policy implications ONLY if they relevant. & Economics 

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“Abstract” 1. Write this AFTER the paper is drafted. 2. Should NOT be a paragraph from intro or conclusion 3. Should summarize what you did, both theoretical (if any), and empirical (including data used). Should entice the reader. 4. Stick to any space limitations 

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Improve Your English Writing 

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WRITING ENGLISH PROPERLY ¢ Why this matters? + Readers’ time is scarce * Readers infer substantive carelessness from written carelessness ¢ English is easy at one level, very difficult at another; and it can be bad at several levels * Lowest level—so bad that reader cannot infer what you are doing. Reader infers you do not know either. + Next level—repeated subject-verb disagreements, incorrect pluralization and possessives, etc. + Next level * Left-out articles—a common problem for Asian- language speakers, Russians. * Incorrect prepositions. * Incorrect gerunds and participial phrases 

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SOLVING ENGLISH PROBLEMS ¢ What to do about the writing? * Get a native English speaker to 10 aaa you. 9 + Always read word-for-word before sé “ACCOUNTING * Have your spouse/friend read it—if F & FINANCE understand intro/concls, probably ur = ِ ¢ Publicity as an improving devi : + Use your PR office z ٠ This helps your University. * Your Dean loves it. * Enhances your usefulness to societ' * Provides a good check on your work—can you explain it to the press layperson? © 

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WHERE IU PUBLISH? 

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PUBLISHING STRATEGIES = 'Shot gun' or 'sniper'? i.e. large number of papers but lower quality (easier) journals? 9 — taking far longer, fewer paper to carefully target highest ranking journals? = Both strategies have costs/benefits = Shot gun: benefits - you get the numbers, a mass of publications (useful for some promotion panels/external funders who don't know about journal quality!). You start to get your name known. 

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PUBLISHING STRATEGIES Benefits: easier journals to get into so often less work per paper. Some of lowest journals are desperate for papers! BUT = Shot gun: costs - you are not hitting the best journals. Your international peers know this. Lowest ranked journals can be seen as waste of time by govt research committees etc. = Since it is so easy: can feel less rewardifR0 CON 

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PUBLISHING STRATEGIES = Sniper: benefits - publication in the most prestigious journals can open doors for funding, promotion. = You are in company of top international academics in your field: it shows your quality. = Top journals are often more referred to by peers, researchers etc since better circulation internationally © 

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PUBLISHING STRATEGIES = Benefits - if the top journals reject your paper you can use the referees' comments & submit to lower ranked journal. = The reverse doesn't work! = Personally can be very rewarding & hugely satisfying to publish your work in the best journals سر رت هه ارسق سن ‎ds‏ | 

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PUBLISHING STRATEGIES = Sniper: costs - slow & difficult process (top journals have extremely high rejection rates) so papers need to be best you can get them to have any chance = Fewer papers produced in same time you could have turned out more papers for low rank journals EUROPEAN ACCOUNTING REVIEW 

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©. ۰. © WHAT IS JOURNAL IMPACT ۰ FACTORS AND 

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JOURNAL IMPACT FACTORS: WHY? WHERE? WHAT? Why? © Evaluate the scholarly worth of a journal ۶ Rank journals within a discipline ۶ Help you decide where to publish your article for maximum impact © Evaluation for promotion / tenure / grants, or in some countries, even government funding of an institution ۶ Frequently used as an evaluation source by librarians during journal cancellations or new purchases 

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JOURNAL IMPACT FACTORS: WHY? WHERE? WHAT? Where do we find Impact Facto Impact factors are listed in fjournal Citation Reports (J/CR) Thomson Reuters (formerly ISI) has one, huge database, Web of Science, that... © Indexes selected journals > 8,000 science; > 3,000 social science journals; > 1,800 Arts & Humanities ۶ Tracks “cited references” and “times cited” ۰ ‏ی‎ Search for an article in your field that has been highly cited. ISI Web of Knowledg Journal Citation Reports® 

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JOURNAL IMPACT FACTORS: WHY? WHERE? WHAT? 6 What is the Journal Impact Factor? 5 © How is it calculated? © 1 E.g., the 2009 Impact factor for the journal Ce// = Number of times ai 2007 & 2008 were Number of “ les or other items published in Cel/ during din indexed journals* during 2009 table” articles** publishe 2007 & 2008 “Only references in articles within the ~13,000 journals indexed in Web of Science are counted; does not include citations that may cite the articles in Cell from book chapters, proceedings, or other journals that are not indexed in Web of Science **Citable articles are just research articles and reviews - not news articles, @ ‘commentary, etc. 

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JOURNAL IMPACT FACTORS: WHY? WHERE? For example: Cites in 2009 to items published in 2008 + 2007 = 9533+ 12554 = 22087 Number of items published in Ce// in2008 + 2007 = 343 + 366 = 709 Impact = Cites to recent items ......... 31.152 Factor Number of recent items published .....709 

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CRITICISMS OF JOURNAL IMPACT FACTORS... © Only a limited subset of journals is indexed by ISI © Biased toward English-language journals © Short (two year) snapshot of journal © Includes self-citations, that is articles in which the article cites other papers in the same journal © Only includes “citable” articles in the denominator of the equation, i.e., articles and reviews © It is expensive to subscribe to the JCR 

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~ eigenFACTOR.org RANKING AND 

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= Most journals accept online submission. Often quite slow/complicated sequence. Take care & allow enough time! = Normally simple upload of your final files. You should have followed journal style guide (web page/copy of journal) closely eg how to set out, references style etc = Online system builds PDF of your (main text, figures, tables, refs) 

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SAMPLE REJECTION LETTER! 

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REASONS FOR REJECTION © Analysis of editorial selection decisions reveal top reasons for rejection: © unimportant or insignificant contributions (29.3%) methodological shortcomings or flaws (26.%) inadequate theories or concepts (21.3%), poor writing or presentation (10.0%) ۰ ۰ ۰ © out of scope for the particular journal (9.6%) 

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PERSISTENCE IS A VIRTUE © If at first you don’t succeed, try, try, and try again © Revise, but don’t simply resubmit © Most manuscripts submitted for publication in refereed journals get rejected at one time or another before achieving publication 

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IMPROVING THE ODDS OF ACCEPTANCE © Maintain a stock of 5 or 6 papers under review at all time © Diversify your research as well as your publication portfolio © Balance between quality and quantity of publications 

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IMPROVING THE ODDS OF ACCEPTANCE © If you have 2 good ideas about a topic, develop them into 2 manuscripts instead of putting them into one paper 9 The longer a manuscript, the more likely that referees will either misunderstand it or find something wrong with your reasoning or interpretation of results 

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THE RIGHT OUTLET © Research and select a journal that best fits your research and intended audience before submitting a manuscript © Match your manuscript with the scope of the target journal and improve on presentation, which can easily increase your odds of acceptance by 20% 

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PEER REVIEW: A TRUST ° Journals provide a forum to: ® communicate new findings ® disseminate new knowledge to a wide audience © inform public policy © Peer review ensures scientific quality of publications by asking other scholars to assess the value and merit of the research and the accuracy of its results 

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Peer Review Process (RaQ) 

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Any questions?