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SS
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Orta werd pubtshtagy ct 1611 jours
ا 0
و
9 ۱
Dr. Alireza Isfandyari-Moghaddam
,Department of Library and Information Studies
Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch
E-mail: ali.isfandyari@gmail.com
Home page: www.isfandyari-moghaddam.com
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حوعنتو و حور 90
جمجوه<)جوجین0) 6 موس موی بر :وا
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07 67501161 10116011 لولاا
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However, editors, reviewers, and the research
community DO NOT care about these reasons.
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Why do scientists publish?
... to share with the science COMMUNITY
something that advances knowledge ina
certain field.
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Your paper is your passport
to your community
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Qublshiacgy oct article it
161 -recked jouwrceds
.6cteuwe
9
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Institute for Scientific 15] معرفي موسسه
Information
۰ تاریخچه: در سال ۱۹۵۸ توسط دکتر وجین گارفیلد تاسیس شد.
و از سال ۱۹۹۲ موسوم به تامسون رویترز گردید.
۰ اهمیت علمي: از میان مجله هاي علمي جهان بیش از ۱۶۰۰۰
مجله توسط این موسسه شناسايي و نمایه تهیه شده است.
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۳ نتفای نسم سل سای سک با تیم تسس شمسا شمه و
ER on Favre Toe Heb
Bt (reeal serch Sees م © - من - ۵ > 6 ۵ 1 وم و
عمرعه ممم و SCIENCE
JOURNAL SEARCH
THOMSON REUTERS MASTER JOURNAL LIST - JOURNAL LIST
otal joumats: 16373
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ewe Ne
EPO!
Joumals 140 (ef 1874)
4 ۳ 8 En
A+ U-ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISIA
ont ISS 0389-0160
ABLPUBL COLTD, 20-8 VUSHIUA2.CHOME BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO. JAPAN, 413
Coverage
توت
|
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Two ieeportont niles
0. There te uw sine best wo.
Prow puper to puper.
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)2
Reading the literature thoroughly and
hraadh:
QOePice vod لول fhe problew. Guero F suggested
by pour weutr, the propct is ww pour
ted god read the fiercture. ۳
لمح لبود
7 موی ,
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pou “ceed” ty koow. ما موه وا موه bea wore .
۳ OP desirable, redePiar the project based oc ها ature.
0 00 © >
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pe oP papers راوید
* Qeeeech puper. Nhs vaieyory covers pupers whick report vo
wey type oP research uedertahed by the author (=). The
research wy wove the poosteuciog or testiog of 0 wodel o-
Prawework, unica research, testtoy oP dota, warket research or
° Otewpvtct. Buy paper, where oooiedt te depeadeot oo the
author's ppicice ocd toterpretaiva, shoutd be tochiced ic this
0
۱ paper. Orsonbes ved evdluates techoivd products,
.ب وصانمجه عم 707775595
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۰ وم مین These papers wil be based oo research but wl
ماما مار The papers arr they to be decursive oad wll cover
یه هط وی اجه تمه ا وا OP rakes! wrk one chin
نت or pxpeneuces حامج مجان Cree sth. Ouse sides desonbe antl ©
report oa ری بو رب اون مشاه سا اب نویه بو تن
هیزیهج واه و ی وا و of مجح 2 ,موی
موی مد ۳۱ سول لوب teaching exercise
۰ له ۱۰ و مورا thot dl yes oP paper rae cay توارط
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جوم وا جوم ری ۳ .نون موو) *
جاه وجشموامحوعك مسا و ررتصویه وی شوم ور
he papers موم مس sowe Douvepl, techoique
ure likely to be wore descriptive or iestruniiosrd.
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Gtep by step wits جصال اه
“The following problems appear much too frequently”
= Submission of papers which are clearly out of scope
+ Failure to format the paper according to the Guide for Authors
= Inappropriate (or no) suggested reviewers
+ Inadequate response to reviewers
+ Inadequate standard of English
« Resubmission of rejected manuscripts without revision
~Paul Haddad, Editor, Journal of Chromatography A
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my own publishing advice is as follows
+ Submit to the right journal
+ Submit to one journal only
+ Do not submit “salami” articles
+ Pay attention to journal requirements and structure
+ Check the English
+ Pay attention to ethics standards
+ Ask your colleagues to proof read the article
+ Be self-critical
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.]م أاء 773105 20000
makes readers grasp the scientific significance EASILY
Important are both
...the CONTENT — useful and exciting
...and the PRESENTATION - clear, logical
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The overall structure
(Vhe bow oP tke paper)
‘The exact structure of a scientific paper or report will vary, but the broad structure
listed here is widely applicable.
1. The cover and title pages
2, The table of contents
3. Tables of symbols or nomenclature
4. The main body of your work, consisting of these sections:
Abstract
Introduction
‘Methods
Results.
Discussion
Conclusions and recommendations
5. The reference list or bibliography
6. Appendices
] Prow Dork, O00
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John A. Sharp and Keith Howard, in The Management of a
Student Research Project (Gower, 2nd ed., 1996, p. 195),
propose the following logical order for a research report:
1. Introduction
2. Survey of prior research
3. Research design
4, Results of the research
5, Analysis
6. Summary and conclusions
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The title should contain three elements
4. the name of the organism studied:
2. the particular aspect or system studied.
3 the variable(s) manipulated.
Do not be afiaid to be erammatically creative. Here are some variations on a theme, all suitable as titles
THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON GERMINATION OF CORN:
DOES TEMPERATURE AFFECT GERMINATION OF CORN?
TEMPERATURE AND CORN GERMINATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR AGRICULTURE
Sometimes itis possible to include the principal result or conclusion in the title:
HIGH TEMPERATURES REDUCE GERMINATION OF CORN
HIGH TEMPERATURES REDUCE GERMINATION OF CORN
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لك
nts 9
756 the fewest number of words that express what you wish to say
Put your topic words near the start of the title.
Include searchable key wo
keywords online.
Would readers find YOUR
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@bstruct
* (ua ubstrot is 0 suovient sucowery DP u booger
piece vE work, usuchy acadewir io coture, whirl
is published jo isvtoica Poo the woic text ood
should therePore steed vo its cua ord be
ederstarduble without nePereure to the jroer
Piece. 4 skould report the batter's pssrutal Punts,
ced should ont أمكاا نویه و ور اپ موه
is ام there.
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.@Obstract pout
© is purpose is to art os ore ereure tool (Por exavple ino
روا ubstraciiagy service), ام لا راومه device
whether or opt to read the Pull text.
* ری vowed rewsves Por vrittag wo obstruct are!
4 رما و موه و pieve oP work published us a
joured! wiicle, thesis, book or web page, oo existing article
Por the purposes oF راز و
©. or ty suber ca oppiicaive to vorite a paper Por a
.تج موم
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ای پیت و(
The most usual structure for an abstract is as follows
1. What is the purpose of the paper, what does it set out
to demonstrate, prove, describe? (this should be one or
at most two sentences). (You may need to refer briefly
to background to provide a context.)
N
. What is the paper's method? (Le. if.a literature review
what approach did it adopt to the review: if research
was conducted a brief description of the design: if a
conceptual review. how are you testing your
hypothesis, what models are you using and what
literature are you drawing on?)
What were the main findings, the results?
4. What conclusions do you draw from the findings?
5. What are the implications of the findings? Here, you
need to think carefully about why others will want to
read your paper, and what contribution to knowledge
are you making. If you are mainly writing for a practice
based community, what are the implications for
practice including any proposed change? Tf it is a
research paper, what are the limitations of the research,
if any? IS the need for further research thrown up?
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سطسسو|»
۱ to presedt the questios
betogy asked ced plave it ic the oootest oP USat is obey
لا واه مرن
۱ ۵ the topic is oP
مس
۰ وه ها و۲ و ued soope of the problew t& described
here} why the work wee iteportod ts exphiced here}
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ما هه هو 0 که ماه از ماو ما ما موه معا Pe semen >
For example
‘This study investigates the relationship between tee density and suit size.
The prupose ofthis sty is to deteomin the effect of enzyme concentration on the reaction rate of
Give overall
picture - keep
it brief!
(no history
lesson!)
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The final article
GENERAL
Introduction
SPECIFIC
|
GENERAL
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Literature review--Rehkted studies
Some definitions
A literature review is a description of the literature relevant to
a pacticular field or topic. It gives an overview of what has
been said, who the key writers are, what are the prevailing
theories and hypotheses, what questions are being asked, and
what methods and methodologies are appropriate and useful.
As such, it is not in itself primary research, but rather it reports
on other findings.
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رو یال انا
© “a literature review uses us its database reports oP
priwery svkvlarship وا Mee privary reports used io the
fterature way be verbal, but ia the vost wuipriy oP دعصت
reports ure writen domes. ke types of scholarship
راومه ها رون theoretical, عه رجتاربادجه للمحقعت
.مه نز راداو Grover literature review seeks
to describe, sucowarize, euctuate, chadPy ced/or ره
موی سا oP priczary reports”.
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A literature review may be purely descriptive. as in an
annotated bibliography, or it may provide a critical assessment
of the literature in a particular field. stating where the
weaknesses and gaps are, contrasting the views of particular
authors, or raising questions. Such a review will not just be a
summary but will also evaluate and show relationships
between different material, so that key themes emerge. Even a
descriptive review however should not just list and paraphrase.
but should add comment and bring out themes and trends.
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© bestc ne
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.لج جارج جص جلار]
The stages oP a Mercure review
Define the problem
It is important to define the problem or area which you wish to
address, Having a purpose for your literature review will
narrow the scope of what you need to Look out for when you
read.
Carry out a search for relevant materials
Relevant materials will probably comprise a range of media:
© books (monographs, text books, reference books):
و articles from joumals, whether print or electronic (but
make sure electronic journals have been subject to the
peer review process):
newspaper articles:
historical records:
commercial reports and statistical information;
government reports and statistical information:
theses and dissertations;
«other types of information which may be relevant t0
‘your pauticular discipline.
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biterutuce review~voct.
Cuchate the wotertus
Tia api son ori dats
+ hac atthe وراه هی اه
the field? Aze they ainda eputble
مسوم
4+ What ite date of pbticaton sit sce cent
ce will nowedge lave moved ea?
4 TRabook tte nest ett?
سالاد اه خر ان >
|
تفت
0000
4 Tene write adessing a schol anionce?
1 Does he sso ee he eer here?
{Does the auor wate ou ax ebjective ام and
ether views xed on facts ater th pions?
4 Ifthe ator uss resstl the esa sou”
1 Isigpemary orsecondary steal?
{Does he ior havea patel teoetial riewpoing
و
‘+ What isthe reltonsip of this work oer teria
youbave fed oa the sme tops, dvs it substatateit
‘ocd a diferent pespectve?
4 Tete amor’ segment logically ganized and lee
to hilow?
4 Meds aubor swing ea aractce based
perpectve. wht ae the mpitons or practice?
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ساره ۲ واه انا
the Prodi ردب
وخا موی وضو Oko thewes ewerye od what *
dea?
ord dPPerewes اوه Oke we the wuipr *
Ore there voy siqeihicce questioas whiok ewerye 58
and whick could Pore a basis Por Porter
سكلاو جمد
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.لو رازه۲ وله ار
21bow to موم a hiercure review
(etroductod: dePiae the topic, toyetker wi pour reasvd Por
petertag the topic.
ody: this te where pou deruss pour svurves. Were oe
sowe ways tt whick pou cour orgesize pour disvussivd!
اسان
را(
رسب سمل سلج()
عا اه ,اوه وی علا موه Cowhsion!
cut Powe io wethodology, yape it را لت لاور امه
۰ ۵ ۵ 5
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The data should be presented in a clear, readable form. Often this will involve the
use of one or more tables.
Because the results section is describing findings that you have already made, it is
written in the past tense.
Don't interpret your results,
Remember that the results section is intended to present your findings. Avoid the
temptation to intersperse this with a discussion of their significance.
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Osnesiva
Put your results into perspective with
previously published data
ont it and convince the reader that you al
Don't exaggerate
Be specific (say “48 degrees” instead of “higher
temperature”)
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هت لت Cowhsive
Ov:
© soworze ord coorlide, restoteg he wai argued,
٠ state how pour Prrdogs/aew Praewwork, etc. apply to
the World oP practice
* state what ane the ioplicaicas Por Purdher research
مهو رو تون ام محر افو say to What *
ابص
۱ pour research.
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أ لهس لجن Ooukstows
۳0
۱ or ttoduce Ue wuterid
۰ reped the itiroductiod
* woke obvious stoteweuts
* pooreadint copthiey pou said cartier.
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(TION: DON'T repeat the a
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References
« Typically, there are more mistakes in the references
than any other part of the manuscript.
٠ Itis one of the most annoying problems, and causes
great headaches among editors...
+ Cite the main scientific publications on which your work is based
+ Do not inflate the manuscript with too many references
ences are appropriate for a full
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Author names: common problems
» Jarvinen = Jaervinen or Jarvinen ?
» LueRen = Lueben or Luessen ?
= Borchard or Borchardt ?
» Dr. Jaap Van Harten = Dr. Van ???
» .,, and what happens if you marry ?
be consistent
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?bow to Pied suitable jourcriis
Choose a journal for publication
Finding the right journal is as important to te publishing process as is having something
original to say and saying it well Many journal editors claim that a good proportion of their
rejections happen not becanse manuscripts are of insufficient quality, but because tney are
inappropriate forthe journal's objectives. As ever, itis easier (and usually leads to a more
successfl outcome) if you address these issues as early as possible
‘There are two main issues to consider here:
1, What are the journals in my subject area?
2. How can best reach my audience and achieve
my publishing objectives?
What are the journals in my subject area?
‘You can find this out in a mumber of ways, by
‘+ discussing with colleagues
«+ checking with your professional association(s)
«checking online journal listings
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‘Wow to Prod suitable هویم
Research the journal
Having found the titles in your subject area, the next stage is
to find out more about the journals concemed.
Find out about the editorial scope of the journal
‘You need to study the journal's
mission statement
joumal overview
author guidelines (provide more detail)
¢ -mannscript submission requirements
editorials, where editors often talk about the scope of و
the journal.
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Wow to Pred sutuble jourseis? pout
Research past and current issues to see the sort of
articles it publishes
Do a considerable amount of reading in the joumal itself,
which will help you:
e find out more about the sort of paper it publishes
« be aware of ongoing debate in its pages
«be aware of particular special issue which it has
published
find out more about its scope through reading و
editorials.
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Choose the right journal
Investigate all candidate journals to find out
» Aims and scope
= Accepted types of articles
= Readership
= Current hot topics
(go through the abstracts of recent publications)
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IP: Articles in your references W
ely lead you to the right journe
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ATTENTION!
DO NOT gamble by scattering your manuscript
to several journals. Only submit once!
International ethics standards prohibit
multiple/simultaneous submissions, and Editors
DO find out!
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Before typing, read the ولتت ‘Guide for
Apply the Guide for Authors to your manuscript, even to the
first draft (text layout, paper citation, nomenclature, figures and
table, etc,), It will save your time, and the editor’s,
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The general structure of a full article
Title an
Authors Make them easy for indexing and
Abstract == searching! (informative, attractive,
effective)
al
Keyword
Main text (IMRAD)
+ Introduction Journal space is precious. Make your
+ Methods article as brief as possible. If clarity can
+ Results be achieved in n words, never use n+7.
٠ And
» Acknowledgements
« References
» Supplementary material
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۱3۳۵ avoid 221/۷ ۱۱۱۱۵1 ۱۱۵ 6116 111911005115
0000 25
= No one gets it right at the first time!
= Write, write, and re-write
= Be self-critical
« Ask colleagues for feedback
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First review through the Editor,
Many journals adopt the system of initial
editorial review. Editors may reject a manuscript
without sending it for review.
Why?
» Peer-review system is overloaded
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Revision after submission
Carefully study the comments and
prepare a detailed letter of response.
71 Consider reviewing as a
a discussion of your work.
Learn from the comments.
and join the discussion.
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after subm در
Prepare a detailed letter of response
+ Copy-paste reviewer comments and address one by one. Don't miss any point.
State specifically what changes you have made to the manuscript.
+ Give page and line number.
+ Atypical problem — Discussion is provided but itis not clear what changes have
been made.
Provide a scientific response to the comment you accept; or a
convincing, solid and polite rebuttal tothe point you think the reviewer
is wrong,
Revise the whole manuscript
+ not just the parts the reviewers point out
Minor revision does NOT guarantee acceptance after revision.
= Do not count on acceptance, but address all comments carefully
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... and if the paper has been rejected
+ Don’t be desperate — it happens to everybody 5
+ Try to understand WHY, consider reviewers
advice
+ Be self-critical
+ If you want to submit to another journal, begin
as if you are going to write a new article.
+ Read the Guide for Authors of the new journal, again and again.
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- Nigel John Cook
Editor-in-Chief, Ore Geology Reviews
it leads to acceptance ?
= Attention to details
= Check and double check your work
= Consider the reviewers’ comments
« English must be as good as possible
« Presentation is important
= Take your time with revision
= Acknowledge those who have helped you
= New, original and previously unpublished
= Critically evaluate your own manuscript
« Ethical rules must be obeyed
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Manage skills,
هو
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a
«= THANK}:
YOU
ع >« ع ل هل oe
ee = =
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