صفحه 1:
Energy Resources:
Production and
Consumption
Environmental Sustainability Educational
Resources
prepared by
Gregory A. Keoleian
Associate Research Scientist,
School of Natural Resources and Environment
Co-Director, Center for Sustainable Systems
University of Michigan
ل
2۸ ١
صفحه 2:
Contents
+ Non-Renewable Energy Resources [slide 3]
+ Renewable Energy Sources [slide 4]
* Peak Production of Petroleum in US [slide 5]
* Projected World Peak Production of Petroleum [slide 6]
* Projected World Peak Production of Petroleum [slide 7]
* Regional Shares of Crude Oil [slide 8]
* World Oil Production [slide 9]
* World Total Primary Energy Supply [slide 10]
+ World Total Energy Consumption Projections [slide 11]
* World Total Energy Consumption Projections (by fuel type)
[slide 12]
* World Total Energy Consumption 1990 -2020 (by region) [slide 13]
+ U.S. Energy Flow [slide 14]
+ U.S. Energy Consumption and Renewable Supply [slide 15]
+ Additional Resources [slide 16]
aA
صفحه 3:
Non-Renewable Energy
Sources
* Conventional
- Petroleum
- Natural Gas
- Coal
- Nuclear
* Unconventional (examples)
- Oil Shale
- Natural gas hydrates in marine sediment
aA
صفحه 4:
Renewable Energy
Sources
¢ Solar photovoltaics
* Solar thermal power
¢ Passive solar air and water heating
° Wind
¢ Hydropower
* Biomass
* Ocean energy
* Geothermal
* Waste to Energy
aA
صفحه 5:
Peak Production of
an TTC
جح هد دج [ یلح ( ۲
Lower 48 Crude Oil Reserves & Production, 1945-2000
4.0
35
Crude Oil Annual Production, Billion Barrels
oo
1995 2000
Lower 43
Reserves
> = Lower 48
Production
1985 1990
— Peak
oo‘ PProcuction
1910
1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 ۵
40
Peak
Reserves
19 و3
36
26
20
15
10
5
3
19145 1950
Crude Od Reserves, Billion Barrels
صفحه 6:
Projected World Peak
Production of Petroleum
2 او ات بای 0
2050 2040 2030 2020 2010 2000 1990 1980 1970 1960 1950 1940 1930
ANNUAL OIL PRODUCTION (BILLIONS OF BARRELS)
صفحه 7:
12 EIA World Conventional Oil Production Scenarios
90 1 1 .
USGS Eslimates of Ultimate Recovery Peak Range یه et ve oe:
=| Ultimate Recovery 224 ۳ 2112
Probabilt 885
7011 ۷ 2
Low (95 %) 2,248 900 Billion Bis
> 60 (Mean (expected value) 3 Moves Peak 10
8 High (5 9%) 3,896 Years
2 oy LI From 2037 - 2047
250
3
540
2
s
30
5 History
20 ‘Mean
—Low (95%)
10 | High 6 %)
0
1900 1925 ۰ 1950 ۰ 1975 ۰ 2000 ۰۰ 2025 2050 2075 2100 5
Hote: U.S. volues were added to the USGS foreign volurresto obtain world totals.
صفحه 8:
0999© ام Gkares oP Cnide Oil
Non- Asia® Latin
OECD Ching 5:!% America ۱
Europe 47% 10.0% Africa
0.3% ۱ 10.1%
Former
USSR
10.7%
© .
aA Middle East
30.6%
صفحه 9:
World Incremental Oil Production
1997-2010 1997-2010 2010-2020 2010-2020
HW OPEC Middle East [J Other OPEC Ml Non OPEC
mb /d
صفحه 10:
(OFS Owe)
Combustble
Hydro Renewables رین
& Waste
2.3% یود( 0.4%
@Other includes geothermal, solar, wind, heat, etc.
صفحه 11:
World Energy
Consumntioan
00 Quadrillion Btu
Projections 612
555
د ص قم کي کي کي کي هي کی کی کي ای
صفحه 12:
World Energy
Dannrzimntian
Quadrillion Btu
250 -
Projections
100 - Coal
50- Renewables
Nuclear
1 1
2000 2010 2020
1 1
1970 1980 1990
صفحه 13:
1209
78.4
25.4
97.3
57.3
607.7
World Total Energy
Consumption 1990 -2020
(Quadrillion Btu)
1997
94.2
640
21.3
36.7
40.8
379.9
Region/Country 0
United States 84.0
Westem Europe 59.9
Japan 18.1
China 27.0
Former Soviet Union 61.0
Total World 346.7
aA
صفحه 14:
U.S. Energy Flow, 1999
Transporation
صفحه 15:
U.S. Energy Consumption by
Source, 1998 Renewable Energy Sources
All Energy Sources (7.0 Quadrillion Btu)
(94.2 Quadrillion Btu) Solar 1%
Geothermal 5%
Natural Gas Biomass 43%
23%
Petroleum
39%
Wind < 0.5%
Renewable
Hydroelectric 50%
Nuclear Electric
8%
aA Totals may nat equal sum of components due to independent rounding 15
صفحه 16:
Additional Resources
* US Department of Energy, Energy
Information Administration
- web site: www.eia.doe.gov