صفحه 1:
WELCOME TO
SESSION Three
صفحه 2:
SESSION DEVOTED
TO ۱
ARTICLE
CS
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صفحه 3:
Research
Research is a systematic and a
6 ۸ replicable process which
identifies and defines
problems, within specified
2 17 boundaries. It employs well
7 4 designed method to collect the
0۲ data and analyses the results.
It disseminates the findings to
contribute to generalizeable
knowledge.
صفحه 4:
Scientific Paper
A scientific paper is
a written and
published report
describing original
research results.
صفحه 5:
Categories of papery
*Research paper. This category covers paper:
report on any type of research undertaken by the
author(s).
The research may involve the construction or testing
of a model or framework, action research, testing of
data, market research or surveys, empirical, scientific
or clinical research.
‘Viewpoint. Any paper, where content is dependent
on the author's opinion and interpretation, should be
included in this category; this also includes journalistic
pieces.
‘Technical paper. Describes and evaluates technical
products, processes or services.
صفحه 6:
Categories of papers
-Conceptual paper. These papers will not be
based on research but will develop hypotheses. The
papers are likely to be discursive and will cover
philosophical discussions and comparative studies
of others' work and thinking.
*Case study. Case studies describe actual
interventions or experiences within organizations.
They may well be subjective and will not generally
report on research. A description of a lege] case or
a hypothetical case study used as a 1ESGE
exercise would also fit into this cgtbuert |
ead
صفحه 7:
Categories of paper.
-Literature review. It is expected that all types of
paper cite any relevant literature so this category
should only be used if the main purpose of the paper is
to annotate and/or critique the literature in a particular
subject area. It may be a selective bibliography
providing advice on information sources or it may be
comprehensive in that the paper's aim is to cover the
main contributors to the development of a topic and
explore their different views.
*General review. This category covers those papers
which provide an overview or historical examination of
some concept, technique or phenomenon. The papers
are likely to be more descriptive or instructional ("how
to" papers) than discursive.
صفحه 8:
How to Access Articles
(databases) حم
ی
٠ John ۷
* Emerald اس
۰ Elsevier Science =a
* Business Source Premier =
* Sage
۰ ProQuest
* Springer
* Google Scholar
صفحه 9:
| Web of Knowledge
موسسه اطلاعات علمی آمریکا JL.» Institute of scientific information (ISI) 800}
ols نامه استنادی Lif ab |, Science Citation Index 2,8 در سال ۱۹۹۷ نسخه تحت وب آن با
عنوان of Science ۷۷6 ا5ا در دسترس قرار گرفت. بیش از *
۰ عنوان نشریه در این پایگاه فهرست می
شوند. با استفاده از این پایگاه می NF
اعتبار علمی یک مجله مطلع شد و فهمید که یک مقاله خاص در کدام منایع
مورد استناد قرار گرفته است. و با توجه به اين قضیه ارزش جهانی مقالات یک پژوهشگر از نطر کیفی بررسی می
شرد
در پایان هر سال. مجله های که ا5ا در16066ع5 0۵۴ ۷۷۵۵ فهرست می کند را ارزیابی می کند. معبارهای
ارزیابی و سنجش عبارتند از عامل تأثیر(361:0۳] ۱۳003 شاخص فوری (1۳0۳60120:61) و نیمه عمر
ISI Journal Citation ,2 Ju.» 65.) باشند. نتايج اين (cited Half - Life)!
«Reports
صفحه 10:
How to Evaluate Articl
* The journal impact factor:
Impact factor (IF) is it is a measure of the frequency
with which the "average article" in a journal has been
cited in a particular year or period (refer to
http://admin-router.isiknowledge.com/?DestApp=JCR)
+ Number of citations:
No matter where you have encountered a reference
—whether in a recent article, book, or conversation—
the Science Citation Index® (SC/®), the Social
Sciences Citation Index® (SSC/®), or the Arts and
Humanities Citation Index ® (A&HC/®) can tell you
where that paper has been cited and then some
(refer to http://isiknowledge.com)
صفحه 11:
Try to search for articles in well-known and
credited journals, which are also related to
your topic
Example of good journals for general topics
in management:
* Academy of Management Jou
ا 9 J 0
* Journal of Management
* Journal of Management Studi:
* Journal of Organizational Beh
* Human Resource Managemer
صفحه 12:
۰ If you want to see whether a journal is an ISI
journal check it in:
http://scientific.thomson.com/mjl/
۰ If you want to check the citations to a
specific author, article or topic, check it in :
http://isiknowledge.com
۰ If you want to view a report of citations of
journals and their impact factors you could
find it in:
* http://admin-router.isiknowledge.com/?Nes'
عم
صفحه 13:
Components of an Article
* Title
« Abstract
* Introduction
* Literature review
« Method
* Results
¢ Discussion
* References
صفحه 14:
Title accurately reflects the
upcoming body of the paper and
conveys expectations to the
reviewers of both content and
approach, and authors are always
better served by being accurate
and circumspect rather than by
creating false expectations.
صفحه 15:
Abstract 0
bstract is a succinct summary of u
longer piece of work, usually academic in
nature, which is published in isolation
from the main text and therefore stands
on its own and is understandable without
reference to the longer piece. It reports
the latter's essential facts, and does not
exaggerate or contain material that is not
there. Its purpose is to act as a reference
tool (for example in a library abstracting
service), enabling the reader to decide
.whether or not to read the full text
صفحه 16:
Abstract includes:
principal objective
and scope
methodology
summary of results
principal
conclusions
صفحه 17:
Introduction
The main function of the
introduction is to provide
readers with a funneling
framework: the general
nature of the management
problem being investigated,
previous research on the ۱
management issue, and how
the paper fills some niche or
gap in that literature.
صفحه 18:
Literature Review
A literature review is a body of text
that aims to review the critical points
of current knowledge on a particular
topic.
صفحه 19:
Literature اه
A literature review uses as its database
reports of primary or original scholarship, and
does not report new primary scholarship
itself. The primary reports used in the
literature may be verbal, but in the vast
majority of cases reports are written
documents. The types of scholarship may be
empirical, theoretical, critical/analytic, or
methodological in nature. Second a literature
review seeks to describe, summarize,
evaluate, clarify and/or integrate the content
of primary reports.
صفحه 20:
Method
so that the research could be
reproduced by a competent
colleague.
information; often these may also be
used in the Results section.
Sometimes it is combined with
Results
. Purpose: gives enough information
b. Materials: gives specific sources
. Methods: explains research steps
. Facilitates finding of specific
9
صفحه 21:
Results
a. Clarifies the object of each
research, referring to tables and
figures.
b. Points out salient features e.g. At
greater than B (without giving
values); something is linear over a
certain range of concentrations,
ete.
c. Sometimes it is combined with
Discussion section.
صفحه 22:
Discussion
* In most Cases the section has three or four
parts depending on the nature of the study:
1. A brief summary of the results
2. A discussion of the limitations of the research
3. Directions for future research
4. implications for management
صفحه 23:
Discussion
a. Presents principles, relationships,
and generalizations shown by
results.
. Points out exceptions or lack of
correlation; defines unsettled
points.
>. Shows how results agree or
contrast with published work.
. Discusses theoretical implications
and practical applications
. States conclusion(s), giving
evidence for each
صفحه 24:
References
* The American Psychological Association (APA)
style is widely accepted in the social sciences
and other fields, such as education, business,
and nursing. The APA citation format requires
parenthetical citations within the text rather
than endnotes or footnotes. Citations in the
text provide brief information, usually the
name of the author and the date of publication,
to lead the reader to the source of information
in the reference list at the end of the paper.
+ http://www.apastyle.org/
صفحه 25:
Reference Examples
* Journal Articles General Form
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author,
C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of
Journal, xx(XX), XXX-XXxX.
* Books General Form
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of work.
Location: Publisher.
صفحه 26:
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