صفحه 1:
Every things about
Pacemaker
Subtitle:
Provider:
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Qepword
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شده
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HISTORY
The first attempts to create an implantable
pacemaker occurred in 1958 in Sweden by Ake
Senning and Rune Elmavist
In their design, silicon transistors were used to
generate a pulse within a device that was small
enough to be placed in the epigastrium under the
skin.
In 1960, American scientist Wilson Greatbatch and
cardiologist William Chardack developed a novel
implantable pacemaker device that was instead
-powered by zinc-mercuric oxide battery cells
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POCEDOKER
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:Battery
the pacemaker battery is the power supply. It is a small,
sealed, lithium battery, that will generally last for many
years (the average battery lifetime is 8 years). The
energy from the battery is delivered as tiny electrical
.impulses that stimulate the heart
:Circuitry
the circuitry is a kind of miniature computer inside the
pacemaker. It controls the timing and intensity of the
-electrical impulses delivered to the heart
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:Connector block
the plastic (epoxy) connector, which lies on top of the
pacemaker's metal case, provides the connection
.between the pacemaker and the lead(s)
:Case
the battery and circuitry are sealed inside a metal
case
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ST
:The lead
The pacing lead is an insulated wire that carries
the electrical impulse to the heart, and carries
information about the heart’s natural activity
back to the pacemaker. One end of the lead is
connected to the connector block. The other end
is usually inserted through a vein and placed in
the right ventricle or the right atrium. Either one
or two leads are used depending on the type of
pacemaker. At a heart rate of 70 beats per
minute, the lead will bend about 100,000 times
a day! Therefore, leads are extremely flexible
and strong, so that they can withstand the
twisting and bending caused by movement of
.the body and of the beating heart
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Connector block
|
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WOO OOEE © 20202020
2?DORK
A pacemaker has two essential tasks: pacing
.and sensing
Pacing means that the pacemaker paces the
heart in case the heart’s own rhythm is
.interrupted, irregular, or too slow
Sensing means that the pacemaker monitors
the heart’s natural electrical activity. If a
pacemaker senses a natural heartbeat it will
-not stimulate the heart
صفحه 10:
Pacemaker Company
vitatron - The Pace Makers
LivaNova Medtronic
Health innovation that matters
BIOTRONIK @«-— موه
MAYO
CLINIC
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OLOT TYPES OP PCCIOG CRE
PBARRE, your heart condition, your doctor will
prescribe which chambers should be paced. Pacemakers
are designed for either (rate responsive) single chamber
or (rate responsive) dual chamber pacing
In single chamber pacing, either the right atrium or the
right ventricle is paced. Only one lead is used. The
pacemaker senses (monitors) electrical activity in either
the atrium or the ventricle and determines whether or
-not pacing is needed
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OLOT ٩۳۷۳۵ 06 ۳0۵۹/۶ ORE
۵
In dual chamber pacing, the pacemaker senses
(monitors) electrical activity in both the atrium and
the ventricle and determines whether or not pacing is
needed. Dual chamber pacemakers help the upper
and lower chambers of your heart to beat in their
natural sequence. This way, a paced heartbeat mimics
.a natural heartbeat
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Single chamber pacing
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21/00 18 ۰۲ ۳00
A programmer is a specialized
computer used to monitor and adjust
.the pacemaker
The programmer is kept in a hospital
or clinic. A nurse or doctor uses this
specialized computer to see how the
pacemaker is working and if
necessary, to adjust the settings of a
.pacemaker
During follow-up visit, or during a
hospital stay, a doctor or nurse may
place the programming head of the
programmer over the implanted
device
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21,۵۵ 1۵ 1۲ 0
:This allows the programmer to
Receive information from your
pacemaker
The information received from the
device shows how your device and your
heart have been working. Based on this
information, the doctor or the nurse may
-want to adjust the therapy
Send instructions to your pacemaker
When the therapy needs to be changed,
the nurse or doctor can send the new
instructions to the implanted pacemaker
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20۳ ure the siqes pou weed عوداه موعدم هن
Symptoms of sick sinus syndrome can
tinclude
a slower pulse than normal (bradycardia)
extreme tiredness (fatigue)
fainting (or nearly fainting)
.dizziness or lightheadedness
.shortness of breath
.chest pain
irregular or fluttering heartbeats
(palpitations)
صفحه 17:
aker, you
AVR void close or
prolonged
contact with electrical
devices or devices
that have strong magnetic
fields
Devices
that can interfere with a
:pacemaker include
Cell phones and MP3 players
(for example, iPods)
Household appliances, such
.as microwave ovens
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THE END