صفحه 1:
ی رف ۱
aa 2 تاج تست ف جوم و و
صفحه 2:
1116 Ee
The cell stores chemical energyandtransfersit to
electrical energy whena circuitisconnected,
When twoormorecelfsare
MAL RR ea AoC A نه ذكلاع
لدت ناتانه 13
الو ۶
uppushingacurrent rounda
circuit.
صفحه 3:
Whatisanelectriccurrent?
Cay ۱- ل
calledelectrons flowing throughwiresand
components,
Seite Rca Tua oa a CONES
0 eMC ل Ta ee
فنك
صفحه 4:
لير
ا ا
andaswitch.
19 تن
اس on
Tomake the circuit, these componentsareconnected
together withmetal connecting wires.
صفحه 5:
لير
When theswitchis closed, theCamplightsup. Thisis
because thereisacontinuous pathof metal for the
تن
If therewereany breaksinthecircutt, thecurrent
could not flow.
صفحه 6:
yA Hy را را
ی
ae) eee
تفه تشد Ty گت
صفحه 7:
یی رز ی وت وراد
للك
battery = switc Camp
تاه g ری مه
Cg
صفحه 8:
لك كل رقا
BUTT ERO ES OE Rak haan as
SERIES CIRCUITS PARALLEL CIRCUITS
صفحه 9:
SERIES CIRCUITS
Thecomponentsareconnectedend-to-end oneafter
Deu
They makea simpleloopfor thecurrent toflow
ری
11 it breaks the whole circuit andall
the bulbs goout.
صفحه 10:
PARALLELCIRCUITS
Thecomponentsareconnectedside by side.
The current has a choice of routes.
If one bulb ‘blows’ thereis still bea complete circuit tothe
other bulb soit stays alight.
صفحه 11:
measuring current
L.5 SAO MALIN) لك
anammeter connectedinseriesin the circuit.
On
صفحه 12:
measuring current
‘Thisishowwedrawanammeterinacircuit.
oe °
SERIES CIRCUIT PARALLELCIRCUIT
وم
5
صفحه 13:
‘measuring current
Bee ee ed
atallpointsinthe
ملت كك
ااا ار یار
0
عا ع محا 6
0
صفحه 14:
تفت ل مرت
missingammeter readings.
0
صفحه 15:
measuring voltage
aa ل ل
00 (07) ونان ودست تناع ماتدت5وع 01 كا 11 .ع وهاه ممعة نالع ]ام
صفحه 16:
measuring voltage
Different cells produce different voltages. The bigger
aM یر To me oe
Unlikean ammeter avoltmeterisconnectedacross
the components
Scientist usually use the term Potential Difference
(pd) when they 1 Cn
صفحه 17:
measuring voltage
Thisishow wedrawavoltmeterinacircuit.
a
صفحه 18:
measuring voltage
صفحه 19:
بات ۲ و۵۲
* voltageissharedbetween thecomponents
صفحه 20:
ل
* voltageisthesamein all partsofthecircuit.
صفحه 21:
measuring current &voltage
Ca Rane Ua
۳
7
complete themissing current andvoltage
1 0ه
remember therules for current andvoltagein
seriesandparallel circuits.
صفحه 22:
measuring current &voltage
a)
صفحه 23:
measuring current &voltage
6)
صفحه 24:
answers
6,
a)
ELECTRICAL
ELECTRICALCIRCUITS
CIRCUITS
More free powerpoints at www.worldofteaching.com
S.MORRIS
2006
The
TheCELL
CELL
The cell stores chemical energy and transfers it to
electrical energy when a circuit is connected.
When two or more cells are
connected together we call this a
Battery.
The cells chemical energy is used
up pushing a current round a
circuit.
What is an electric current?
An electric current is a flow of microscopic particles
called electrons flowing through wires and
components.
+
-
In which direction does the current flow?
from the Negative terminal to the Positive terminal of a
cell.
simple
simplecircuits
circuits
Here is a simple electric circuit. It has a cell, a lamp
and a switch.
cell
wires
switch
lamp
To make the circuit, these components are connected
together with metal connecting wires.
simple
simplecircuits
circuits
When the switch is closed, the lamp lights up. This is
because there is a continuous path of metal for the
electric current to flow around.
If there were any breaks in the circuit, the current
could not flow.
circuit
circuitdiagram
diagram
Scientists usually draw electric circuits using symbols;
cell
lamp
switch
wires
circuit
circuitdiagrams
diagrams
In circuit diagrams components are represented by
the following symbols;
cell
battery
ammeter
voltmete
r
switch
motor
lamp
buzzer
resistor
variable
resistor
types
typesof
ofcircuit
circuit
There are two types of electrical circuits;
SERIES CIRCUITS
PARALLEL CIRCUITS
SERIES CIRCUITS
The components are connected end-to-end, one after
the other.
They make a simple loop for the current to flow
round.
If one bulb ‘blows’ it breaks the whole circuit and all
the bulbs go out.
PARALLEL CIRCUITS
The components are connected side by side.
The current has a choice of routes.
If one bulb ‘blows’ there is still be a complete circuit to the
other bulb so it stays alight.
measuring current
Electric current is measured in amps (A) using
an ammeter connected in series in the circuit.
A
measuring current
This is how we draw an ammeter in a circuit.
A
A
SERIES CIRCUIT
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
measuring current
SERIES CIRCUIT
• current is the same
at all points in the
circuit.
2A
2A
2A
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
• current is shared
between the
components
2A
2A
1A
1A
copy the following circuits and fill in the
missing ammeter readings.
3A
?
4A
?
3A
1A
?
4A
?
4A
1A
1A
?
measuring voltage
The ‘electrical push’ which the cell gives to the current is
called the voltage. It is measured in volts (V) on a
voltmeter
V
measuring voltage
Different cells produce different voltages. The bigger
the voltage supplied by the cell, the bigger the current.
Unlike an ammeter a voltmeter is connected across
the components
Scientist usually use the term Potential Difference
(pd) when they talk about voltage.
measuring voltage
This is how we draw a voltmeter in a circuit.
V
SERIES CIRCUIT
V
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
measuring voltage
V
V
V
V
series circuit
• voltage is shared between the components
3V
1.5V
1.5V
parallel circuit
• voltage is the same in all parts of the circuit.
3V
3V
3V
measuring current & voltage
copy the following circuits on the next two
slides.
complete the missing current and voltage
readings.
remember the rules for current and voltage in
series and parallel circuits.
measuring current & voltage
a)
a)
6V
4A
A
V
V
A
measuring current & voltage
b)
b)
4A
6V
A
V
A
V
A
answers
a)
a)
b)
b)
4A
6V
4A
4A
3V
6V
4A
6V
2A
3V
4A
6V
2A
