صفحه 1:
صفحه 2:
Homeopathy
Eleanor Bates
Tinsley Harrison Society
November 8, 2005
صفحه 3:
Complementary and
Alternative Medicine
= Traditional Alternative
Wwigdicine = Biologically Based
Acupuncture 1
= Ayurveda = Dietary Supplements
= Homeopathy = Herbal Medicine
= Naturopathy
= Chinese/Oriental = Manipulative and Body-
Based Methods
= Mind-Body Interventions تهج
= Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ESA
= Meditation 5
0 ee a
= Hypnosis 4 uM
= Prayer
۰
Art, Music, Dance
صفحه 4:
Complementary and
Alternative Medicine
= 36% of adults are using some form
of CAM
= CAM is used greater by
= Women
= People with higher educational levels
= People who have been hospitalized in
the past year
= Former smokers
صفحه 5:
Regulation
= The National Center for
Complementary and Alternative
Medicine (NCCAM) is the Federal
Government's lead agency for
scientific research on CAM.
" Homeopathy is regulated by the US
Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
= Required to list indications, ingredients,
dilutions, and instructions for safe use
صفحه 6:
History of Homeopathy
Late 1700’s - developed in Germe
by Samuel Hahnemann
™ 1825 - Introduced in the US by
Hans Burch Gram
™ 1835 - 1s: homeopathic medical cc
Allentown, Pennsylvania
= By the turn of the 20th century, 8
American medical ی ۹ ۲
homeopaths, and there were 20 homeopathic
medical colleges and more than 100 homeopathic
hospitals in the United States.
= Negatively affected by medical advances,
including recognition of the mechanisms of
disease and antiseptic techniques
aio neal he Re pe ا
صفحه 7:
Homeopathy
= Homeo (similar) and pathos (suffering)
= “Principle of Similars”: Any substance that
can create symptoms in a healthy person can
be used to treat similar symptoms in a sick
person.
= “Principle of Potentization”: Diluting a
substance, with vigorous shaking at each
step of dilution, makes the remedy more, not
less, effective by extracting the vital essence
of the substance.
صفحه 8:
*; Mechanism
= On dilution, spherical
clusters appeared,
which were seen to
aggregate in steps
resulting in a size
increase with
ا سر
nn ig
= Water molecules
are thought to form
clusters that may
be unique to the
original substance
that was dissolved.
= Samal and
Geckeler
discovered an
Shenoy cio ac)Ccha Leyak ony)
ةنا
aggregate size and
concentration of
مظر ۰
صفحه 9:
Treatment
= Mostly derived from natural substances that
come from plants, minerals, or animals
= Used to treat acute and chronic illnesses, as
well as to prevent diseases
= Used most often to treat arthritis, asthma, colds,
flu, and allergies
= The choice of medicine is based ona
person’s total symptom picture.
= Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia of the United
States contains guidelines for homeopathic
remedies.
صفحه 10:
Treatment
= Follow-up on problem in 2-6 weeks after
start of the treatment
= Patients may experience homeopathic
aggravation.
= Doses are repeated as necessary, and
treatment is discontinued upon resolution of
the problem.
= Remedies may be changed as the condition
and the associated symptoms change.
= Changes to diet and lifestyle are often
recommended, as well.
صفحه 11:
Safety
= Endrezzi et al. studied adverse drug
events related to homeopathic encounters
in 335 follow-up visits in 181 patients.
= 9 (2.68%) adverse reactions were
reported.
= No medical therapy was required to treat
any of the adverse events.
= Adverse events exist, but are rare and not
severe.
صفحه 12:
Does it Work?
Results of controlled trials
have been contradictory.
صفحه 13:
Not placebo
Jitt et al. compared conventional treatment versus
1omeopathy.
Patient assessment: 2177510123 21:
Greater improvement. More favorable for
after homeopathic versus children who had
conventional treatment
received homeopathic
0 =
LOS wa ESTEE EY STS
صفحه 14:
Quality of life:
= Physical component score increased in
homeopathically treated patients
= Mental component no significant difference
Conventional —»— Homeopathy —¥~ Standard Population سود
Mental Component سر 0.5 Physical Component
we
Porte re yt is ae eer arene rere’
صفحه 15:
Not placebo
stoma ele n sts} Odds ratio (95% C1)
No OP ACK RK)...
0 سس جنس 0 کت 1-66 (1:93, 2.08)
homeopathy agente concent 199(451, 247
' 26 studies of higher وس 27027
بر 5-93 2 7
ور مه من ره
= OR 1.66 (1.33-2.08) Fredeied ran outcome 170 (431, 220)
Homeopathy tela یی کت راوتسا
completely due to تسد oor
ل 6 Highpetences cy 2.06 (183, 367)
Insufficient evidence سس 247 (209, 367
۱3 ی ی ی zone
of homeopathic cca 04 (224, 1432
۱۳۹ دسم عم | ای 134 212208
effective in any one
clinical condition
صفحه 16:
Not placebo
™ Linde et al. revisited their initial study
(1997),
= Higher quality studies tended to yield less
positive results.
= All studies: OR 2.45 (2.05-2.93)
= Jadad > 3: OR 1.81(1.41-2.32) - 28% decrease
= IVS > 5: OR 1.97 (1.50-2.59) - 22% decrease
= Jadad > 3 AND IVS > 5: OR 1.72 - 30%
ت99
=a“ likely that our meta-analysis at least
overestimated the effects of homeopathic
treatments.”
(part gee ny er eran
صفحه 17:
TV scot Cumulative
(0 studies) OR (95%)
)0.77-3.10( 1.55 1
)1.06-3.85( 2.02 4 )65(2
)110-254( 0 )6014
)136-215( 71 25.524 )1.38-2.19( 1.74 )5
)153-235( 89 هد و )2.00-4.34( 2.95 )5.0(10
)259-@ )43( 245 )4.33.(1.86-10.1 )4509
(56) 240 )2.00-4.98( 3.16 )40
1st
97 (1.143.40)
3.0 (8) 197
25 )5( 3.91 (0.97-15.8)
00 247 (LISS:
692 (153-314)
2.00(1.37-291)
1.42 (1.02-1.99)
183 (144-234)
3.24 (2.27-4.63)
15) 3.58 (2.11-6.08)
6.92 (1.53314)
صفحه 18:
Placebo
= Shang et al. compared trials of
homeopathy with those of conventional
medicine and estimated treatment effects.
= They found no convincing evidence that
homeopathy was superior to placebo
= OR 0.88 (0.65-1.19)
= Whereas, for conventional medicine, a
significant difference was found.
= OR 0.58 (0.39-0.85)
™ Clinical effects of homeopathy are placebo
"10۰
60 ۵009 سا دب 0 سل
صفحه 19:
Conclusions
= Although trials of homeopathic treatment
have not yet provided a definitive answer,
there are many reports of clinical benefit.
= In addition, dismissal of SUE 6
۳ clinicians may increase the
ikelihood that patients will not
communicate about integrative remedies.
= If homeopathy appears to be helpful and
safe, then scientifically valid explanations
or proofs of this alternative system of
medicine may not be necessary.
صفحه 20:
Resources
۱
۱ CeCe OMer Tete TODBC Ere BTM nC ectarh
ETT ODE Oa RG ا ل
2005; 94: 233-240.
1 ی an naa a eR oe Rai
عصلعلوعلة عاتافموعلطا صذ كسمصتدمود .عفصع رتل0 2003: 1: 158-06.
Linde K, Clausius N, Ramirez G, Melchart D, Eitel F, Hedges LV, Jonas
WB. Are the clinical effects of homeopathy placebo effects? A meta-
analysis of placebo-controlled trials. Lancet 1997; 350: 834-43.
Linde K, Scholz M, Ramirez G, Clausius N, Melchart D, Jomas WB.
۱ ar RRO ec 5
| Caton O a SH
Samal S and Geckeler KE. Unexpected solute aggregation in water on
dilution. Chem Commun 2001; 2224-25.
,4[ عصىة5 ,5 وضةط ,ط نصتال بآ عولط ,1 معمع من اسع لوبط بخ وصقطه
Pewsner D, Egger M. Are the Clinical effects of homeopathy placebo
ا ل ا ا اا
allopathy. Lancet 2005; 366: 726-32.
Vickers A and Zollman C. ABC of complementary medicine: Homeopathy.
BMJ 1999; 319: 1115-18.
1 رک <م0زعطهع0ه/۱ ,۱۷ معهه۷ رک لام رک عمهوقظ ,1 انم ری ۱۷۵11: ۰
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