Java EE 5TM Introduction

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Enterprise Java EE 5™ Introduction v100830 Intro to JavaEE 1 

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Goals * Become familiar with the Java EE Architecture ~- Understand the purpose of Java SE, Java ME, and Java EE - Understand the purpose of each Java EE Container ~- Understand the purpose of each Java EE API ¢ Understand the difference between an API and Provider * Understand there are significant variations in Java EE architectures v100830 Intro to JavaEE 2 

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Enterprise ava Java Technology Levels * Java Platform, Standard EditiowiNote: Java Technology has - Java SE (J2SE) gone through a recent name ~ core language oe 5.0 stayed J2SE 5.0 * Java Platform, Micro Edition | + J2SE 6.0 is called Java SE 6 - Java ME (J2ME) + J2EE 5.0 became java EE 5 - targeted at small devices eee become Java Me * PDAs * cell phones * Java Platform, Enterprise Edition - Java EE (J2EE) - targeted at enterprise deployments * persistence * distributed systems * web-based applications * transactions vioos30 * Security Intro to JavaEE 3 

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v100830 Intro to JavaEE 4 

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Java EE Architecture * Does not imply physical partitioning into machines, processes, etc. * No “all or nothing” requirement - use what you need v100830 Intro to JavaEE 

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Enterprise ava Containers Provide Java EE runtime environments with J2SE v5. Provide required services to application components - example services: JMS, JTA - application components: Applets, Java applications, Servlets/JSPs, and EJBs Understand application component deployment formats Interposes between application components to transparently inject services required - transactions, security checks, resource pooling Synonymous with application server from the application developer point of view v100830 Intro to JavaEE 6 

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Enterprise ava Application Components * Application Client - Java programs that execute outside of the EJB, Web, and ‘Applet Containers - Typically GUI-based * Applets - GUI components - typically execute in Web browser ٠ Web Applications - accessed through HTTP - primarily generate HTML and XML output - Servlets, JSPs, JSF, etc. * Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) - execute in managed environment that include transactions - typically provide business logic for Java EE application v100830 Intro to JavaEE 7 

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Enterprise ava Resource Adapters * System-level software component * Extends functionality of Container - Provides connectivity with external resource managers or native language components - Implement existing (e.g., JOBC, JMS) or alternate APIs 9 1 1 * Plugin into Java EE environment to provide system-level support for ~ Resource Pooling - Transactions - Security v100830 Intro to JavaEE 8 

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Enterprise ava Standard Services * Communications Services - HTTP ¢ J2SE java.net package defines client-side API * Java EE defines server-side API defined within servlet, JSP, JSF, and Web service interfaces - HTTPS * use of HTTP over SSL for transport level security - Java Message Service (JMS) ۰ ۸۳] for messaging 9 support for publish-subscribe and point-to- point v100830 Intro to JavaEE 9 

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Enterprise CORBA Support Services ™ * RMI-IIOP - APIs (javax.rmi) to allow RMI-style programming independent of underlying protocol * J2SE native RMI Protocol (JRMP) * CORBA IIOP protocol - Permit Java EE application components to access CORBA services compatible with RMI programming restrictions - Permit CORBA clients to access EJB components - Using dependency injection versus JNDI lookup eliminates the need for applications to use most of API * Java IDL - Permit Java EE application components to invoke CORBA services, independent of the RMI API v100830 Intro to JavaEE 10 

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Coordination Services * Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI) - API for naming and directory access ٠ Java Transaction API (JTA) ~ application-level API to demarcate transaction boundaries ~ provider-level API between transaction and resource Managers v100830 Intro to JavaEE 11 

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Persistence Services * Java Database Connectivity (DBC) API - API for connectivity with relational databases * Java Persistence API - API for managing persistence and object/relational mapping ~ Required in Java EE - Can be used in J2SE environments (is part of Java SE 6) v100830 Intro to JavaEE 12 

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Enterprise XML and Web Service Services Java API for XML Processing (JAXP) - integrated API support for separate + SAX, DOM, and StAX (Streaming API for XML) XML parsing APIs + XSLT transform engines Java API for XML-based RPC (JAX-RPC) ~ legacy API for Web services Java API for XML Web Services (JAX-WS) = follow-on to JAX-RPC ~ primary API for Web services ~ includes SOAP and RESTful Web service bindings = uses Java Architecture for XML Binding (JAXB) to define Java to XML bindings = uses SOAP w/ Attachments API for Java (SAAJ) to manipulate low level SOAP msgs Web Services Metadata ~ defines Java language annotations for developing Web services Java API for XML Registries (JAXR) ~ API for client access to XML registry servers v100830 Intro to JavaEE 13 

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Enterprise ava Security Services * Java Authentication and Authorization Service (JAAS) - enables services to authenticate and enforce access controls - Java implementation of standard Plugable Authentication Module (PAM) ¢ Java Authorization Service Provider Contract for Containers (JACC) ~ defines contract between Java EE application server and authorization service provider v100830 Intro to JavaEE 14 

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Enterprise ava System Services * Java EE Connector Architecture (was J2CA) - provider-level interface for Resource Adapters to integrate Enterprise Information Systems into Java EE servers. * connection management ~ resource pooling + transaction management ~ integrate transactions across multiple resource managers ~ import transaction contexts into server * security access + thread management ~ allows resource adapter to allocate server threads for work + message delivery ~ integrate any messaging provider; not just JMS * optional, generic API between application program and resource adapter v100830 Intro to JavaEE 15 

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ممه Management/Deployment Services * Management ~ Defines API for managing Java EE servers 5 Uses Java Management Extensions (JMX) * Deployment ~ Defines API between deployment tools and Java EE products v100830 Intro to JavaEE 16 

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Other Services * JavaMail ~ API and service provider for sending e-mail notifications * JavaBeans Activation Framework (JAF) ~ API for handling MIME types v100830 Intro to JavaEE 

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Enterprise Java EE 5 APIs and Versions * J2SE v5.0 * JAX-RPC 1.1 - JDBC, JNDL, RMI * SAAJ 1.3 * Java Persistence 1.0 * JAXR 1.0 * Common Annotations 1.0 + JSTL 1.2 ٠ 0 ٠ [52 2 ٠ [115 1.1 * JSP Debugging 1.0 ٠ 1 ۰ Jaya EE Management * Servlet 2.5 1 ¢ JSP 2.1 * Java EE Deployment 1.2 * StAX 1.0 * JACC 1.1 * Web Services 1.2 * Connector 1.5 * Web Services Metadata * JavaMail 1.4 2.0 * JAF 1.1 + JAX-WS 2.0 v100830 Intro to JavaEE 18 

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prise Java EE Product Extensions * Java EE products may supply implementations, in any form, for supplied Java EE APIs ~ different QOS, sizing, scaling, performance, cost, etc. * Java EE Products may provide additional APIs and protocols as extensions ¢ Java EE products may not add classes to Java API packages or change any properties of an existing Java API classes. * Application use of product extensions is non-portable across Java EE products v100830 Intro to JavaEE 19 

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Enterprise Java EE Roles 5 * Java EE Product Provider - vendor (e.g., Sun, JBoss, BEA, IBM) * Application Component Provider - Java, HTML, etc. developer * Application Assembler - integrates components into an application * Deployer - integrates application with resources of the runtime * System Administrator - monitors and tunes application after deployment * Tool Provider - ex. Maven Cargo plugin * System Component Provider = ex, external JMS provider v100830 Intro to JavaEE 20 

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Enterprise ava Java EE Release Highlights ۰ 28813 ~ Connector API - EJB (2.x) local interfaces and new CMP model ٠ [288 14 - “Web services” - Management, Deployment, JAAS * Java EE5 - “Ease of Development” - Annotations - Dependency Injection ~ Better defaults - Java Persistance API, StAX, JAX-WS * Java EE 6 - Profiles; making some components optional - More “Ease of Development” v100830 Intro to JavaEE 21 

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v100830 Intro to JavaEE 22 

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References * Java™ Platform, Enterprise Edition 5 (Java E 5) Specification (http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=244) v100830 Intro to JavaEE 23 

Enterprise Java Java EE 5 Introduction TM v100830 Intro to JavaEE 1 Goals Enterprise Java • Become familiar with the Java EE Architecture – Understand the purpose of Java SE, Java ME, and Java EE – Understand the purpose of each Java EE Container – Understand the purpose of each Java EE API • Understand the difference between an API and Provider • Understand there are significant variations in Java EE architectures v100830 Intro to JavaEE 2 Java Technology Levels Enterprise Java • Java Platform, Standard EditionNote: Java Technology has gone through a recent name – Java SE (J2SE) change. – core language • J2SE 5.0 stayed J2SE 5.0 • Java Platform, Micro Edition • J2SE 6.0 is called Java SE 6 • J2EE 5.0 became Java EE 5 – Java ME (J2ME) • J2ME will become Java ME – targeted at small devices • PDAs • cell phones • Java Platform, Enterprise Edition – Java EE (J2EE) – targeted at enterprise deployments • persistence • distributed systems • web-based applications • transactions v100830 • security Intro to JavaEE 3 Java EE Architecture v100830 Intro to JavaEE Enterprise Java 4 Java EE Architecture Enterprise Java • Does not imply physical partitioning into machines, processes, etc. • No “all or nothing” requirement – use what you need v100830 Intro to JavaEE 5 Containers Enterprise Java • Provide Java EE runtime environments with J2SE v5.0 • Provide required services to application components – example services: JMS, JTA – application components: Applets, Java applications, Servlets/JSPs, and EJBs • Understand application component deployment formats • Interposes between application components to transparently inject services required – transactions, security checks, resource pooling • Synonymous with application server from the application developer point of view v100830 Intro to JavaEE 6 Application Components Enterprise Java • Application Client – Java programs that execute outside of the EJB, Web, and Applet Containers – Typically GUI-based • Applets – GUI components – typically execute in Web browser • Web Applications – accessed through HTTP – primarily generate HTML and XML output – Servlets, JSPs, JSF, etc. • Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) – execute in managed environment that include transactions – typically provide business logic for Java EE application v100830 Intro to JavaEE 7 Resource Adapters Enterprise Java • System-level software component • Extends functionality of Container – Provides connectivity with external resource managers or native language components – Implement existing (e.g., JDBC, JMS) or alternate APIs • Plugin into Java EE environment to provide system-level support for – Resource Pooling – Transactions – Security v100830 Intro to JavaEE 8 Standard Services Enterprise Java • Communications Services – HTTP • J2SE java.net package defines client-side API • Java EE defines server-side API defined within servlet, JSP, JSF, and Web service interfaces – HTTPS • use of HTTP over SSL for transport level security – Java Message Service (JMS) • API for messaging • support for publish-subscribe and point-topoint v100830 Intro to JavaEE 9 CORBA Support Services Enterprise Java • RMI-IIOP – APIs (javax.rmi) to allow RMI-style programming independent of underlying protocol • J2SE native RMI Protocol (JRMP) • CORBA IIOP protocol – Permit Java EE application components to access CORBA services compatible with RMI programming restrictions – Permit CORBA clients to access EJB components – Using dependency injection versus JNDI lookup eliminates the need for applications to use most of API • Java IDL – Permit Java EE application components to invoke CORBA services, independent of the RMI API v100830 Intro to JavaEE 10 Coordination Services Enterprise Java • Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI) – API for naming and directory access • Java Transaction API (JTA) – application-level API to demarcate transaction boundaries – provider-level API between transaction and resource managers v100830 Intro to JavaEE 11 Persistence Services Enterprise Java • Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) API – API for connectivity with relational databases • Java Persistence API – API for managing persistence and object/relational mapping – Required in Java EE – Can be used in J2SE environments (is part of Java SE 6) v100830 Intro to JavaEE 12 Enterprise Java XML and Web Service Services • Java API for XML Processing (JAXP) – integrated API support for separate • SAX, DOM, and StAX (Streaming API for XML) XML parsing APIs • XSLT transform engines • Java API for XML-based RPC (JAX-RPC) – legacy API for Web services • Java API for XML Web Services (JAX-WS) – – – – – follow-on to JAX-RPC primary API for Web services includes SOAP and RESTful Web service bindings uses Java Architecture for XML Binding (JAXB) to define Java to XML bindings uses SOAP w/ Attachments API for Java (SAAJ) to manipulate low level SOAP msgs • Web Services Metadata – defines Java language annotations for developing Web services • Java API for XML Registries (JAXR) – API for client access to XML registry servers v100830 Intro to JavaEE 13 Security Services Enterprise Java • Java Authentication and Authorization Service (JAAS) – enables services to authenticate and enforce access controls – Java implementation of standard Plugable Authentication Module (PAM) • Java Authorization Service Provider Contract for Containers (JACC) – defines contract between Java EE application server and authorization service provider v100830 Intro to JavaEE 14 System Services Enterprise Java • Java EE Connector Architecture (was J2CA) – provider-level interface for Resource Adapters to integrate Enterprise Information Systems into Java EE servers. • connection management – resource pooling • transaction management – integrate transactions across multiple resource managers – import transaction contexts into server • security access • thread management – allows resource adapter to allocate server threads for work • message delivery – integrate any messaging provider; not just JMS • optional, generic API between application program and resource adapter v100830 Intro to JavaEE 15 Management/Deployment Services Enterprise Java • Management – Defines API for managing Java EE servers – Uses Java Management Extensions (JMX) API • Deployment – Defines API between deployment tools and Java EE products v100830 Intro to JavaEE 16 Other Services Enterprise Java • JavaMail – API and service provider for sending e-mail notifications • JavaBeans Activation Framework (JAF) – API for handling MIME types v100830 Intro to JavaEE 17 Enterprise Java Java EE 5 APIs and Versions • J2SE v5.0 – JDBC, JNDI, RMI • Java Persistence 1.0 • Common Annotations 1.0 • EJB3.0 • JMS 1.1 • JTA 1.1 • Servlet 2.5 • JSP 2.1 • StAX 1.0 • Web Services 1.2 • Web Services Metadata 2.0 • JAX-WS 2.0 v100830 • • • • • • • • • • • • JAX-RPC 1.1 SAAJ 1.3 JAXR 1.0 JSTL 1.2 JSF 1.2 JSP Debugging 1.0 Java EE Management 1.1 Java EE Deployment 1.2 JACC 1.1 Connector 1.5 JavaMail 1.4 JAF 1.1 Intro to JavaEE 18 Java EE Product Extensions Enterprise Java • Java EE products may supply implementations, in any form, for supplied Java EE APIs – different QOS, sizing, scaling, performance, cost, etc. • Java EE products may provide additional APIs and protocols as extensions • Java EE products may not add classes to Java API packages or change any properties of an existing Java API classes. • Application use of product extensions is non-portable across Java EE products v100830 Intro to JavaEE 19 Java EE Roles Enterprise Java • Java EE Product Provider – vendor (e.g., Sun, JBoss, BEA, IBM) • Application Component Provider – Java, HTML, etc. developer • Application Assembler – integrates components into an application • Deployer – integrates application with resources of the runtime • System Administrator – monitors and tunes application after deployment • Tool Provider – ex. Maven Cargo plugin • System Component Provider – ex. external JMS provider v100830 Intro to JavaEE 20 Java EE Release Highlights Enterprise Java • J2EE 1.3 – Connector API – EJB (2.x) local interfaces and new CMP model • J2EE 1.4 – “Web services” – Management, Deployment, JAAS • Java EE 5 – – – – – “Ease of Development” Annotations Dependency Injection Better defaults Java Persistance API, StAX, JAX-WS • Java EE 6 – Profiles; making some components optional – More “Ease of Development” v100830 Intro to JavaEE 21 Summary v100830 Intro to JavaEE Enterprise Java 22 References Enterprise Java • JavaTM Platform, Enterprise Edition 5 (Java EE 5) Specification (http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=244) v100830 Intro to JavaEE 23