صفحه 1:
صفحه 2:
Interpreting any
intraoral or
صفحه 3:
Two Component of
visual diagnosis:
he ability to recognize abnormal patterns in the imac
he interpretation of these abnormal patterns
..to arrive ata
diagnosis
صفحه 4:
essential
first step
Principles of Radiographic
Interpretation (Chp17-
White&Pharoah2014)
صفحه 5:
«systematic search
strategy
Principles of Radiographic
Interpretation (Chp17-
White&Pharoah2014)
صفحه 6:
Visual search Strategies
In a panoramic image this
strategy might involve
identifying:
- The posterior border of the maxilla
~The floor of the sinus
The zygomatic process of the
maxilla
Visuad search Strategies
In a periapical image the list
might include:
-Crown
-Root structure
-Pulp and pulp canal
-Periodontal membrane space
صفحه 7:
Diagnostic reasoning in oral
radiology
..mental three
dimensional image
Principles of Radiographic
Interpretation (Chp17-
White&Pharoah2014)
صفحه 8:
Diagnostic reasoning
in oral radiology
Mental three dimensional image of the
abnormality that includes:
-Precise location
“Size
-Internal structure
-How the abnormality effects the surrounding
Diagnostic reasoning in oral
radiology
صفحه 9:
accuracy
Principles of Radiographic
Interpretation (Chp17
White&Pharoah2014)
صفحه 10:
..۵۳۱۵۱۷۲۱6 0۳
strategy
Principles of Radiographic
Interpretation (Chp17-
White&Pharoah2014)
صفحه 11:
Learning disease
categories
Radiographic features
and
Learning Causal connections
"strategy using
2 Disease mechanisms
"Radiographic
<i
Diagnostic
strategy
Bae
Radiograph
tion (Che
صفحه 12:
صفحه 13:
Unusual location of PCOD
صفحه 14:
۵۷ اه ونوراه
STEP 1: LOCALIZE ABNORMALITY
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STEP 2: ASSESS PERIPHERY AND SHAPE
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STEP 3: ANALYZE INTERNAL STRUCTURE
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STEP 4: ANALYZE EFFECTS OF LESION ON
SURROUNDING STRUCTURES:
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STEP 5; FORMULATE INTERPRETATION.
صفحه 15:
Step 1: Localized abnormality
Generalized :
If an abnormal appearance affect all the
osseous structure of the maxillofacial
region (such as metabolic or endocrine
abnormalities of bone)
Localized :
Considers whether it is Unilateral or
Bilateral.
>Variations of normal anatomy are more
commonly bilateral (Submandibular
gland fossa)
>» Abnormal conditions are more
commonly unilateral (Fibrous dysplasia)
صفحه 16:
Submandibular gland fossa
صفحه 17:
Step 1: Localized abnormalit
...Cherubism
صفحه 18:
Step 1: Localized abnormality
vascular.
-If the epicenter is withih'the maxillary antrum, the lesion is not of
صفحه 19:
Step 1: Localized abnormality
Position in the jaws
Identifying the exact position aids in two
ways:
1- Determinations of epicenter
2- Specific location of some lesions
For example:
-Central giant cell granulomas commonly
are located anterior to the first molars in
the mandible and anterior to the canine in
the maxilla in young patients.
-Osteomyelitis occurs in the mandible and
rarely in the maxilla.
صفحه 20:
Step 1: Localized abnormality
Single or multifocal
The list of possible multifocal abnormalities
is relatively short.
For example:
Y Periapical cemental dysplasia
¥ Odontogenic keratocysts
’ Metastatic lesions
¥ Multiple myeloma
¥ Leukemic infiltrates.
صفحه 21:
Step 1: Localized abnormality
Size
The size may aid in the differential
diagnosis.
For instance:
A dentigerous cysts have growth
potential and are often much larger than
a hyperplastic follicle.
صفحه 22:
Step 2: Assess periphery and shape
Well-Defined Vs Ill-Defined
صفحه 23:
ess periphery and shape
صفحه 24:
Step 2: Assess periphery and shape
Well-Defined
60۳۵ ۲
صفحه 25:
٩5655 periphery and shape
Well-Defined
506
etn
Periapical osseous dysplasia
صفحه 26:
Step 2: Assess periphery and shape
Well-Defined
۲556 50۴
وی
Odontoma and Cementoblastoma
صفحه 27:
Step 2: Assess periphery and shape
Iil-Defined
ومأفمعا8
تن
Sclerosing osteitis and Fibrous dysplasia
صفحه 28:
Step 2: Assess periphery and shape
Il-Defined
SN
Borde.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
صفحه 29:
Step 2: Assess periphery and shape
صفحه 30:
Step 2: Assess periphery and shape
صفحه 31:
internal structure
Common in cysts
Principles of Radiograph
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alyze internal structure
Totally
5000
صفحه 33:
Step 3: Analyze internal structure
Mixed
Density
Presence of calcified structures
صفحه 34:
Fol iacement of teeth is seen more commonly
with slower-growing, space-occupying lesions.
صفحه 35:
step 4: Analyze effects of lesion on surrounding structures
0 of teeth is seen more
commonly with slower-growing, space-
Cherubism
صفحه 36:
ni ffects of lesion on surrounding structures
9 iacement of teeth is seen more
commonly wit!
occupying lesi
9
15
اد
صفحه 37:
step 4: Anal ffects of lesion on surrounding structures
a... of teeth usually occurs with a
more chronic or slowly growing process
or chronic inflammation.
Although tooth resorption is more
صفحه 38:
step 4: Analyze effects of lesion on surrounding structures
Lamina dura
& PDL 5
Wide 9 of the periodontal membrane
space may be seen with many different
kinds of abnormalities.
In orthodontic movement:
PDL widening and Intact Lamina dura
In malignangle
Irregular PO
of the lami
صفحه 39:
step 4: Analyze effects of lesion on surrounding structures
Surrounding
bone reaction _
YSome abnormalities can stimulate a
peripheral bone reaction.
’The corticated border of a cyst is not
actually part of the cyst, but is a bone
reaction.
Y An inflamatory lesion such as periapical
rarefying osteitis can stimulate a
sclerotic bone reaction.
¥Some metastatic malignant tumors
such as prostate.and.breast metastatic
lesions can stimulate:-an osteoblastic
صفحه 40:
step 4: Analyze effects of lesion on surrounding structures
CCE Ta (la eet Lit ال یت نیا
and Mental Foramen
“Superior displacement of the inferior
alveolar canal is strongly associated
with fibrous dysplasia
Y Widening of the inferior alveolar canal
with the maintenance of a_ cortical
boundary may indicate the presence of a
benign lesion of vascular or neural origin
Yirregular widening with cortical
destruction may indicate the presence
of a malignant neoplasm growing down
the length of the can
صفحه 41:
Step 4: An: ffects of | n_on surrounding structures
Outer Cortical Bone and
Periosteal Reactions
Slowly growing lesion
صفحه 42:
step 4: Analyze effects of lesion on surrounding structures
Outer Cortical Bone and
Periosteal Reactions
A rapidly growing lesion outstrips the
ability of the periosteum to respond,
and the cortical plate may be missing
صفحه 43:
step 4: Analyze effects of lesion on surrounding structures
Outer Cortical Bone and
۴۵۲۱۵۹۲6۵۱ ۵۵۵
صفحه 44:
step 4: Analyze effects of lesion on surrounding structures
Outer Cortical Bone and
Periosteal Reactions
Fine linear spicules of bone at the superior
margin of the alveolar.process in
Osteosarcoma
صفحه 45:
غم
Neoplas