سارکوپنی

سارکوپنی

اسلاید 1: Sarcopenia and agingBy reihaneh delbari

اسلاید 2: From the second to the eighth decade of life, total lean body mass (LBM) declines by about 18% in men and by 27% in women. Sarcopenia is the degenerative loss of skeletal muscle mass (0.5–1% loss per year after the age of 50), quality, and strength associated with aging. Sarcopenia is a component of the frailty syndrome. Sarcopenia:In 2010, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia (EWGSOP) developed a working definition “sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength with a risk of adverse outcomes such as physical disability, poor quality of life and death.”

اسلاید 3: SO is a ratio of ASM (appendicular skeletal muscle) to body height squared (ASM/ht2) less than 2 standard deviations below the sex-specific mean of a younger reference group and as a percentage of body fat greater than 27% in men and 38% in women.Sarcopenic obesityThe prevalence of SO rises from 2% in men and womenaged 60–69 years to about 10% in those aged 80 and above.Fat infiltration is believed to sustain sarcopenia through a macrophage infiltration mediated-release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF-a, IL-6, IL-1) and adipokines (leptin, adiponectin and resistin) from adipocytes.Intramuscular fat accumulation:

اسلاید 4: Regional distribution of sarcopeniaFor both men and women, the decrease in LBM is greater in the lower limbs (about 15%) than in the upper limbs (about 10%).Constant use of the lower limbs for locomotionA greater loss of motor units in the legs than in the armsThe decrease in muscle mass that gives rise to sarcopenia involves both a decrease in muscle fibre size (atrophy) and number (hypoplasia). There is firm evidence that with ageing type II fibres are more vulnerable to atrophy than type I fibres.Muscle fibre size, number and composition

اسلاید 5: Schematic representation of the main factors involved in the onset and progression of sarcopenia and its consequences Biochemical Pathways of Sarcopenia and Their odulation by Physical exercise: A Narrative Review (2017)