آسیب های زانو به انگلیسی

آسیب های زانو به انگلیسی

اسلاید 1: Knee disorders Salsabeel Matalqah

اسلاید 2:

اسلاید 3: Menisci Tears*Common among young active adults.*Common in Football players: flexion of knee joint in addition to twisting.*Little force is needed in middle aged, because fibrosis restricts mobility of meniscus.*After age 50, tears are more commonly due to arthritis than trauma.*Medial Menisci: more prone to injury because of its restricted anatomy due to attachment to the joint capsule and to the tibial collateral ligament make it less mobile.

اسلاید 4: Meniscus TearsClassification according to Mechanism ( traumatic Vs degenerative)Pattern of tear ( bucket handle Vs horizontal…. ).

اسلاید 5: Menisci TearsPatterns of tears:*Bucket-Handle Tears:The split is vertical, along the circumference of the meniscus leaving anterior and posterior segments attached loosely. Sometimes the torn part displaces towards the center, causing “locking” (extension block).

اسلاید 6: Menisci TearsHorizontal tears:*Usually degenerative in origin or due to repetitive minor trauma, or with association with meniscal cysts. *Generally speaking, most of the meniscus is avascular, except the outer third-from capsule-, due to this spontaneous repair doesn’t occur.*The loose part act as a mechanical irritant causing recurrent synovial effusion, and in severe cases secondary osteoarthritis.

اسلاید 7:

اسلاید 8: Menisci TearsClinical Features: Patients may complain of pain at the joint line area, locking, clicking, giving way, and swelling with activity. In ptn >40yrs the main complaint is recurrent giving way or locking. Physical exam:Joint line tenderness (Mostly medial).Joint held slightly flexed.Joint effusion may be present.In late cases quadriceps are wasted.Flexion is full , extension limited.

اسلاید 9: _ Joint line tenderness: the most imp and specific test_ Apley’s grind test:• Isolates meniscii• Prone with knee flexed,axial loadand rotation. - McMurray’s test• Flex/ext with varus/valgus and int/ext rotation.• Goal is to get torn piece to pop in and out of place.• Positive if pop or reproduction of pain.

اسلاید 10: Menisci TearsImagingX-ray – NormalMRI – most useful may reveal tears missed by arthroscopyArthroscopy : Diagnostic and therapeutic.You have to be certain that the lesion you can see is the one causing the patient’s symptoms.TreatmentMost meniscal tears do not heal without intervention. If conservative treatment does not allow the patient to resume desired activities, occupation, or sport, surgical treatment is considered. Surgical treatment of symptomatic meniscal tears is recommended because untreated tears may increase in size and may abrade articular cartilage, resulting in arthritis.