Identified Neurons in the CNS of Leeches
اسلاید 1: www.tabaye.ir
اسلاید 2: W. Otto Friesen and Ruey-Jane FanDepartment of BiologyUniversity of VirginiaUniversity of Virginia in Charlottesville, VirginiaIdentified Neurons in the CNS of LeechesSupported by the NSF and the NIH
اسلاید 3: Leech CNS (~12,000 neurons—25% identified)Head ganglion: sub and supraesophagealVentral nerve cord: M1 – M21 (400/ganglion)Tail ganglionLeech PNS (>20,000 neurons—clusters)Photo-, chemo-, mechano-, and proprioreceptorsStomatogastric neuronsLeech gross anatomy
اسلاید 4: CNS-- one midbody ganglion400 neurons/segment Cell 115
اسلاید 5: Dorsal and ventral mapsAbout 30% of neurons in midbody ganglia are identified
اسلاید 6: Peripheral morphology --sensory hairsApproximately 100 sensory neurons/sensillum
اسلاید 7: MusclesCircular, oblique, longitudinal, dorsoventral, cardiac, annulus erector
اسلاید 8: Describing identified neurons in leechesMajor identifiers – data partially completeBehavior [swim, crawl, shortening, bending, heart]Type [sensory, motor, interneuron, modulatory]Morphology [location, size, projection]Physiology [impulses, activity, conductance]Circuit interactions [chemical, electrical synapses]Pharmacology [transmitters, receptors]Size/Age/developmental stageExperimental manipulations/preparations
اسلاید 9: Neuron morphology/dye coupling (DI-1)Motoneuron DI-1soma injected with Alexa 488 and neurobiotinDorsal aspect, posterior lateral packet
اسلاید 10: Leech neuron physiology: DI-1 et al.Swim oscillationsPhysiological anatomySerotonin modulationNon-spiking interactionsFunctional interactionsShifting cycle phasePhase relationshipsCircuit diagrams
اسلاید 11: Circuit data and physiology combined: Swim-initiation
اسلاید 12: Physiology relates to experimental methods/preparations
اسلاید 13: Summary of identified neuronsGreen are swim-related excitatory cells; red are inhibitors
اسلاید 14: Identified neurons AIdentified neurons in the CNS of Hirudo medicinalis. MapMajor axon Color DescriptionbBehavioral numberprojectionbcodeainvolvementbc Dorsal aspect Motoneurons (24 cell pairs)DE-3 CPNRgreenexcitor of DLMswimming, LBcrawlingDE-5CPNRgreenexcitor of DLM swimming, LBcrawlingDE-18CANRgreenswimmingDE-107CANRgreenexcitor of DLM swimming, LBVE-4IPNRgreenexcitor of VLMswimming, LB, crawlingVE-8CPNRgreen excitor of VLM swimming, LBVE-108CANRgreenswimming, LBFE-109CNRgreenexcitor of lateralswimming, LBdorsal-ventral FMFE-117CNRgreenexcitor of medialdorsoventral FMDI-1CNRredinhibitor of DLMswimming, LB, crawlingDI-102CNRredinhibitor of DLM swimming, LBVI-2CNRredinhibitor of VLMswimming, crawlingVI-7CNRredinhibitor of VLM swimmingVI-119CNRredinhibitor of VLM swimmingFI-101CNRredinhibitor ofswimming, LB
اسلاید 15: Identified neurons BIdentified neurons in the CNS of Hirudo medicinalis. MapMajor axon Color DescriptionbBehavioral numberprojectionbcodeainvolvementbc Dorsal aspect Motor Neurons (continued)CE-11CNR blueexcitor of CMCE-12CNRblueCE-112CNRblueL both CNR bluegeneral excitor of LMcrawlingDE-6CNRblue excitor of DLM local bendingLI-9CNRblueinhibitor of LMLE-106CNRblueexcitor of lateralLMOE-110CNRblueexcitor of OMlocal bendingOE-111CNRblueInterneurons (8 cell pairs)21Green serotonergic, gatingswimming27AICRedoscillatorswimming240° phase
اسلاید 16: Identified neurons CIdentified neurons in the CNS of Hirudo medicinalis. MapMajor axon Color DescriptionbBehavioral numberprojectionbcodeainvolvementbc Dorsal aspect interneurons (continued)28AICredoscillatorswimming120° phase33AICredoscillatorswimming240° phase115PCCredoscillatorswimming, LB0° phase123PICredoscillatorswimming0° phase125PICblueexcitor, receivesLBInput from P cells34blueinteracts withT cells, S cellsMechanosensory cellsPvINR, ICyellowmechanosensoryresponds to pressureNvINR, ICyellowmechanosensoryresponds to noxiousNeurosecretory cells50ICpinksecretary neuron LB, feeding
اسلاید 17: Identified neurons DIdentified neurons in the CNS of Hirudo medicinalis. MapMajor axon Color DescriptionbBehavioral numberprojectionbcodeainvolvementbc Ventral aspect Motoneurons (6 cell pairs) AECNRblueannuli erectorchange skin surfacefrom smooth to ridgedCVCNRblueexcitor ofcrawlingventrolateral CMHEINRbluecardiac rhythmiccontrol HNM3-19movementAPCNRblueinput from P cellcrawling152CNRblueCM excitorcrawling166CNRblueCM inhibitorcrawlingInterneurons (20 paired, 4 unpaired cells)61IC greenserotonergicswimming gating 2 ganglia204Fngreengatingswimming, crawling, unpaired behavioral decision205Fn greengatingswimmingunpaired, M9
اسلاید 18: Identified neurons EIdentified neurons in the CNS of Hirudo medicinalis. MapMajor axon Color DescriptionbBehavioral numberprojectionbcodeainvolvementbc Ventral aspect Interneurons (continued) 208IC (unpaired)greenoscillatorswimming60 IC (2 ganglia)redoscillation 240°swimming151IC (NR)bluenon-spiking153CANRblueexcitatoryphoto reception,photo-sensory input swimming-oscillation 180° 154bluephoto-sensoryphoto reception157CCblueEPSP long latencyLB159PICblueEPSP long latencyLB, crawling160blueshifts swim phase,swimming?no oscillation161ICblueEPSP from P cellLB162ICblueEPSP from P cellLB169CCblueEPSP long latencyswimming, LB201CCbluereceives inhibitionwater motion202CCbluereceives excitationwater motionfrom SMRsdetection213AICblueascending crawling215/216bluereceives excitation photosensory (ipsi-) sensillum 7
اسلاید 19: Identified neurons FIdentified neurons in the CNS of Hirudo medicinalis. MapMajor axon Color DescriptionbBehavioral numberprojectionbcodeainvolvementbc Ventral aspect Interneurons (continued) 212ACCblueEPSP from P cellLB218ICblueSpontaneous EPSPLB258INRbluelarge soma crawlingSFnblue LB, shortening,learning, crawlingHNICblueinhibitor INcontrol of heartbeat (M1-M7)Mechanosensory cell (7 cell pairs)TIC (NR)yellowresponds to tactiletouch reception(Tl, Tv, Td)stimuliPIC (NR)yellowresponds to moderate pressure reception(Pd, Pv)body wall stimuli NIC (NR)yellowresponds to noxious nociception(Nv, Nd)body wall stimuli, gutNeurosecretory cell (2 cell pairs)R (Retzius)IC,NR, ICpinkserotonergicswimming, feedingmuscle relaxation50 (Leydig)IC, NRpinkLB, feeding
اسلاید 20: Identifiers and descriptors for leechesIdentifier: cell name and locationAnimal: genus, species, variety Cell_group: CNS, PNS, glial cell, muscleCell_type: Interneuron, motoneuron, sensory, secretoryDistribution: paired, unpaired, clusterSoma_location: brain, midbody ganglion, tail brain, peripheryCoordinates: dorsal, ventral, packet designationMorphology: soma size, neurite branching, axon projection Interacts_with: chemical, electricalHomolog_of: contralateral, serial homologsInnervates: muscles typesResting_potential: value, with rangeSpontaneous_AP: frequency, amplitudeBursting: frequency, burst duration, impulse frequency, conditionReceptive_field_modality: type of modality, submodality Receptive_field:Releases_transmitter: Receptors:Behavior:
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