Niacin – Vitamin B3

Niacin – Vitamin B3

اسلاید 1: Niacin - Vitamin B3Creators: Audrea Nicole FranklinNatasha Tina-Michelle CheathamVitamins Home Page

اسلاید 2: Vitamin B3- IndexDescription Of NiacinStructure of NiacinFunctionsBiochemical ReactionsDeficiency InformationDeficiency PhotosSourcesRDA ChartsNiacin RecipesQuizVitamins Home Page

اسلاید 3: Description of NiacinNiacin, (C5H4COOH) is a white crystalline acid, that is apart of the vitamin B complex. It is also referred to as Vitamin B3. It comes in two distinct forms: Nicotinic acid and Nicotinamide.IndexNiacin under a microscopeNiacin Crystals

اسلاید 4: Structure of NiacinNiacin can be converted into two forms.Index

اسلاید 5: FunctionsReleases energy from food. Enhances proper nervous functioningAids in lowering cholesterolInvolved in DNA replication and repairIndex

اسلاید 6: Biochemical ReactionsOxidative Reduction ReactionsDNA replication and repairInvolved in the production of NADRequired in the production of NADPHIndex

اسلاید 7: Tryptophan Kynurenine 3-hydroxy kynurenine*--(B6 enzyme needed) Niacin(*) from this xanthurenic acid is formedThe synthesis of Tryptophan to Niacin is extremely slow and it requires vitamin B6; 60 mg of Tryptophan are required to make just one milligram of niacin.The 5-membered aromatic heterocycle of Tryptoohan is cleaved and rearranged with the alpha amino group of Tryptophan into the 6-membered aromatic heterocycle of NiacinIndex

اسلاید 8: What happens if you are deficient in Niacin?The most common symptoms of niacin deficiency involve the skin, digestive system, and the nervous system.Skin- Thick , scaly, darkly pigmented rashes.Digestive system- Bright red tongue, vomiting, and diarrhea.Neurological symptoms- Headache, fatigue , depression and disorientation.Conditions that may increase your need for Niacin are:CancerDiabetesStomach UlcerFeverDiarrheaProlonged StressIndex

اسلاید 9: The following material may not be suitable for those who have a weak stomach. All the information presented is true and the images are real. Viewer Discretion is advisedIndex

اسلاید 10: Photos of patients with Niacin deficiencyIndex

اسلاید 11: Good Sources Of NiacinChickenFishLeaf vegetablesBroccoliCarrotsTomatoesAsparagusNutsWhole grainsSweet potatoesMushroomsLegumesIndex

اسلاید 12: RDA ChartsRecommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for NiacinRecommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for NiacinRecommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for NiacinRecommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for NiacinLife Stage Age Males (mg NE*/day) Females (mg NE/day) Infants 0-6 months 2 (AI) 2 (AI) Infants 7-12 months 4 (AI) 4 (AI) Children 1-3 years 6 6 Children 4-8 years 8 8 Children 9-13 years 12 12 Adolescents 14-18 years 16 14 Adults 19 years and older 16 14 Pregnancy all ages - 18 Breastfeeding all ages - 17*NE, niacin equivalent: 1 mg NE = 60 mg of tryptophan = 1 mg niacin Index

اسلاید 13: FoodServingNiacin (mg)Chicken (light meat)3 ounces* (cooked without skin)10.6Turkey (light meat)3 ounces (cooked without skin)5.8Beef (lean)3 ounces (cooked)3.1Salmon3 ounces (cooked)8.5Tuna (light, packed in water)3 ounces11.3Bread (whole wheat)1 slice1.1Cereal (unfortified)1 cup5-7Cereal (fortified)1 cup20-27Pasta (enriched)1 cup (cooked)2.3Peanuts1 ounce (dry roasted)3.8Lentils1 cup (cooked)2.1Lima beans1 cup (cooked)1.8Coffee (brewed)1 cup0.5*A 3-ounce serving of meat is about the size of a deck of cards.Index

اسلاید 14: Niacin Enriched Easy To Do Recipes Zesty Italian Chicken3 pounds cut-up broiler-fryer chicken¼ cup mayonnaise or salad dressing¼ cup zesty Italian dressing1 teaspoon Italian seasoningHeat oven to 375 degrees F. Place chicken, skin side down, in ungreased pan 13x9x2 inches.Mix remaining ingredients. Brush half on mayonnaise mixture over ChickenCover and bake for 30 min. Turn chicken; brush with remaining mayonnaise mixture. Bake uncovered about 30 minutes or until juice of chicken is no longer pink when centers of thickest pieces are cut.Index

اسلاید 15: Crispy Oven Chicken¼ cup ranch dressing¾ cup crisp wheat cracker crumbs1 tablespoon chopped fresh thyme leaves or 1 teaspoon dried thyme leaves1 teaspoon paprika4 boneless, skinless chicken breast halves (1 pound)Heat oven to 425 degrees. Spray rack of broiler pan or baking dish with cooking spray. Pour dressing into small bowl. Mix cracker crumbs, thyme, and paprika in another small bowl or plastic bag. Dip chicken into dressing, then with the crumb mixture. Place on rack in broiler pan.Bake uncovered 35 to 40 minutes or until golden brown and juice isn’t pink when centers of thickest pieces are cut.Index

اسلاید 16: Chicken-Pasta Salad1 2/3 cups uncooked rotini pasta (5 ounces)1 package (6 oz.) frozen snow (Chinese) pea pods, thawed and drained1/3 cup reduced-calorie mayonnaise or salad dressing¼ cup fat-free French dressing2 cups cut-up chicken or turkey1 cup cherry tomato, cut in halfCook pasta as directed on package– except add pea pods for last 2 minutes of cooking; drain. Rinse with cold water; drainMix mayonnaise and French dressing in large bowl. Add pasta, pea pods, chicken/turkey, and tomatoes; TossIndex

اسلاید 17: Hot and Peppery Cocktail Shrimp1 ½ pounds uncooked peeled deveined medium shrimp4 medium green onions, chopped (1/4 cup)2 teaspoons grated lime peel¼ cup lime juice1 tablespoon reduced-sodium soy sauce¼ teaspoon pepper1/8 teaspoon crushed red pepper2 garlic cloves2 teaspoons sesame oil1. Mix all ingredients except oil in large glass or plastic bowl. Cover and refrigerate for 4 hours.2. Heat oven to 400 degrees F. Spray rectangular pan, 13x9x2 inches, with cooking spray. Arrange shrimp in single layer in pan. 3. Bake 10 to 12 minutes or until shrimp are pink and firm. Drizzle with oil. Serve hot with toothpicksIndex

اسلاید 18: Country Fried Steaks4 beef cubed steaks (about 1 pound)3 tablespoons chili powder2 teaspoons ground cumin1-1/2 garlic powder¾ teaspoon dried oregano½ teaspoon ground red pepper2 egg whites, well beaten2 tablespoons milk½ cup bread crumbs, unseasoned and dry1 tablespoon cornmeal¼ teaspoon salt¼ teaspoon pepper2 tablespoons vegetable oilTo make Spicy Seasoning Mix, combine chili powder, cumin, garlic powder, oregano and red pepper in a small bowl. Remove ½ teaspoon for use in coating. Store remainder in airtight container. Shake each time before using.Combine egg whites and milk in shallow dish. Combine bread crumbs, cornmeal, ½ seasoning mix, salt and pepper in second shallow dish. Dip steaks into egg white mixture and then into coating mixture to coat both sides.Heat oil in large nonstick skillet over medium to medium-high. Place steaks in skillet; cook, turning once, 5 to 6 minutes.Index

اسلاید 19: America’s Favorite Pork Chops 4 Tyson Fresh Bone-in Thick Center Cut Lion Chops¾ cup Italian dressing1 teaspoon Worcestershire saucePlace all ingredients in a resealable plastic bag; refrigerate for at least 20 minutes or as long as overnight. Remove chops from bag.Preheat grill to medium-high. Grill chops, turning once, about 8 to 15 minutes or until done (internal temp. 155 degrees F.)Index

اسلاید 20: QuizWhat is another name for Niacin?a. Nicotinic Acidb. Nicotinamidec. Vitamin B3d. TryptophanIndex

اسلاید 21: Sorry that is Incorrect!!Nicotinic acid is a distinct form of Niacin but not another name for it.

اسلاید 22: Sorry that is incorrect!!Nicotinamide is and amide form of Niacin but not another name for it.

اسلاید 23: Correct!Niacin is also called Vitamin B3 because it is the 3rd Vitamin in the Vitamin B complex.

اسلاید 24: Sorry that is Incorrect!!Tryptophan is an essential amino acid that is used to make Niacin.

اسلاید 25: Quiz2. All of the following are functions of Niacin except?a. Yielding energyb. Lowering cholesterolc. Lowering blood glucose levelsd. DNA repair and regulationIndex

اسلاید 26: Sorry that is Incorrect!!Niacin does yield energy by releasing it from food.

اسلاید 27: Sorry that is Incorrect!!Niacin does lower cholesterol by reducing LDL (bad cholesterol) and increasing HDL (good cholesterol)

اسلاید 28: Correct!! The hormone insulin regulates blood glucose levels.

اسلاید 29: Sorry that is Incorrect!!Niacin does aid in the regulation and repair of DNA.

اسلاید 30: Quiz3. The late stage of severe Niacin deficiency that could ultimately be fatal is called?a. Hyperglycemiab. Disorientationc. Pellagrad. Hartnup’s Disease Index

اسلاید 31: Sorry that is Incorrect!!Hyperglycemia is an unusually high blood glucose level that causes diabetes.

اسلاید 32: Sorry that is Incorrect!!Disorientation is a symptom of Niacin deficiency but it is not severe.

اسلاید 33: Correct!!Pellagra is a severe stage of Niacin deficiency which sypmtoms are referred to as the four D’s: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and death.

اسلاید 34: Sorry that is Incorrect!!Hartnup’s Disease is a hereditary disorder that results from defective tryptophan absorption.

اسلاید 35: Quiz4. What essential amino acid is used to make Niacin?a. Tryptophanb .Kynureninec. Xanthurenic Acidd. MetabolitesIndex

اسلاید 36: Correct!!Tryptophan is an essential amino acid that can be converted into Niacin by the liver.

اسلاید 37: Sorry that is Incorrect!!Kynurenine is a metabolite of tryptophan.

اسلاید 38: Sorry that is Incorrect!!Xanthurenic Acid is formed by the metabolism of Tryptophan.

اسلاید 39: Sorry that is Incorrect!!Metabolites are any substance produced by metabolism or metabolic process.

اسلاید 40: QuizWhat is the Most common symptom of Niacin deficiency?a. Bright red tongueb. Fatiguec. Vomitingd. Scaly skinIndex

اسلاید 41: Sorry that is Incorrect!!A bright red tongue is a digestive symptom of Niacin deficiency but not the most common type.

اسلاید 42: Sorry that is Incorrect!!Fatigue is a Neurological symptom of Niacin deficiency but it is not the most common type.

اسلاید 43: Sorry that is Incorrect!!Vomiting is a digestive symptom of Niacin deficiency but it is not he most common type.

اسلاید 44: Correct!!Thick, scaly , darkly pigmented rashes are the most common sign of a Niacin deficiency.

اسلاید 45: Congratulations!!!! You have made it to the end!!!We hope that you have learned that Niacin is an essential vitamin that is needed for almost every metabolic function in the body. We hope that you have learned something new and will be able to share your knowledge with others. Thank you for using our website and come again!!IndexVitamins Home Page