(Organizational Behavior (Personality
اسلاید 1: Gholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 2: Organizational Behavior: Gholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.Personality
اسلاید 3: PersonalityA person’s general style of interacting with the worldPeople differ from one another in ways that are relatively consistent over time and placeGholipour A. 2011. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 4: Gholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.What is Personality?PersonalityThe sum total of ways in which an individual reacts and interacts with others.Personality TraitsEnduring characteristics that describe an individual’s behavior.PersonalityDeterminantsHeredityEnvironmentSituation
اسلاید 5: Freud’s Structure of PersonalityConscious—AcuteawarenessPreconscious—Justunder awareness;easily knownUnconscious—Wellbelow awareness;Difficult to know but very influentialSuperegoConsciousnessEgoIdGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 6: How the iceberg worksIdFunctions on ‘pleasure principle’Immediate gratification of needs to reduce tension & discomfort regardless of consequencesSuperegoFunctions on ‘idealistic principle’Our moral guide/conscienceInfluenced by internalizing our parents’ values & the voice of societyWorks against the Id by inflicting guiltGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 7: How the iceberg works (cont.)EgoFunctions on ‘reality principle’Serves to balance the demands the Id and the SuperegoAssesses what is realistically possible in satisfying the Id and/or Superego (i.e., what society will deem acceptable)Ego uses defense mechanisms to protect itselfPersonality is result of the battle for control between id, ego & superegoGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 8: Gholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.Style ofDecision MakingJudgmental (J)Perceptive (P)Preference forDecision MakingThinking (T)Feeling (F)Type of SocialInteractionIntrovert (I)Extrovert (E)Preference forGathering DataIntuitive (N)Sensing (S)MBTI
اسلاید 9: Four MBTI DichotomiesGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 10: EI• External• Gregarious• Interaction• InternalReflective• ConcentrationGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 11: SN• Sequential• Realistic• Present• Fact• Random• Theoretical• Future• Concept• Specific• GeneralGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 12: TF• Objective• Detached• Laws• Firm Minded• Subjective• Involved• Circumstances• Fair HeartedGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 13: • JUDGERS• CLOSURE• SCHEDULED• STRUCTURE• DECIDED• PERCEIVERS• OPEN• FLEXIBLE• SPONTANEOUS• WAIT AND SEEGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.JP
اسلاید 14: PREADYAIM…PAIM…AIM…Gholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 15: JREADYFIRE…JAIM…Gholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 16: TYPE SUMMARYGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 17: Occupational Trends by Type ISTJManagementAdministrationLaw enforcementAccounting ISFJEducationHealth careReligious settings INFJReligionCounselingTeachingArtsINTJScientific or technical fieldsComputersLaw ISTPSkilled tradesTechnical fieldsAgricultureLaw EnforcementMilitaryISFPHealth careBusinessLaw enforcement INFPCounselingWritingArts INTPScientific or technical fieldsESTPMarketingSkilled tradesBusinessLaw enforcementApplied technology ESFPHealth careTeachingCoachingChildcare workerSkilled tradesENFPCounselingTeachingReligionArts ENTPScienceManagementTechnologyArts ESTJManagementAdministrationLaw enforcement ESFJEducationHealth careReligionENFJReligionArtsTeaching ENTJManagementLeadershipSource: From Introduction to Type and Careers, A.L. Hammer, 1993, Consulting Psychologists Press
اسلاید 18: General Population DistributionISTJ11.7%ISTP3.9%ESTP5.1%ESTJ11.4%ISFJ7.9%ISFP3.9%ESFP4.7%ESFJ8%INFJ3.7%INFP5.7%ENFP8.2%ENFJ4.8%INTJ5.2%INTP4.6%ENTP5.1%ENTJ6%Gholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 19: Gholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.The Big Five Personality DimensionsExtroversion: Outgoing, talkative, sociable, assertiveAgreeableness: Trusting, good natured, cooperative, soft heartedConscientiousness: Dependable, responsible, achievement oriented, persistentEmotional stability: Relaxed, secure, unworriedOpenness to experience: Intellectual, imaginative, curious, broad mindedResearch finding: Conscientiousness is the best (but not a strong) predictor of job performance.
اسلاید 20: Gholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.Achieving Person-Job FitPersonality TypesRealisticInvestigativeSocialConventionalEnterprisingArtisticPersonality-Job Fit Theory (Holland)Identifies six personality types and proposes that the fit between personality type and occupational environment determines satisfaction and turnover.
اسلاید 21: Gholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.Holland’s Theory of Personality-Job Fit TypePersonalityOccupationsRealisticInvestigativeSocialConventionalEnterprisingArtisticShy, Stable, PracticalAnalytical, IndependentSociable, CooperativePractical, EfficientAmbitious, Energetic Imaginative, Idealistic Mechanic, Farmer,Assembly-Line WorkerBiologist, Economist,Mathematician Social Worker,Teacher, CounselorAccountant, ManagerBank TellerLawyer, SalespersonPainter, Writer,Musician
اسلاید 22: Absenteeism/ Turnover/ Job satisfaction/ Job performanceLocus of ControlGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.Internals Vs ExternalsThe concept was developed originally Julian Rotter in the 1950s Research has found the following trends:Males tend to be more internal than females As people get older they tend to become more internal People higher up in organizational structures tend to be more internal Buchanan L. (2006): Imposter Syndrome
اسلاید 23: Machiavellianism High MachsPragmatic, manipulativePersuade othersBelieve in ends can justify means, win moreif it works, use itDo high Machs make good employees?Type of jobBargainingLess rules and regulationsGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 24: Self Esteemlike or dislike of oneselfHigh on SEExpectations for successPossess ability for successWilling to take risksDo not seek approval from others on their capabilitiesHigh on Job SatisfactionGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 25: Risk TakingDecision making quickSpecific to jobs (stocks) (accounts)willingness to take chancesGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 26: A & B Types of PersonalityType ‘A’Always moving, walking & eating fastFeel impatientStrive to do two or more things at onceCannot cope with leisure timeObsessed with number; how many, how much they have achievedType ‘B’Never suffer from a sense of time urgencyFeel no need to display/discuss their achievements unless requiredPlay for fun /relaxationCan relax without guiltGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 27: A & B Types of PersonalityType ‘A’Suffer high level of stressQuantity over qualityTime pressure/deadlinesRarely creativePoor decision makersBehavior is easier to predict Type ‘B’Difficult to predict behaviorGood decision makersQuality of workNo compromise on healthWiser than hastyCreative / innovative solutions to same problemGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 28: ability to adjust behavior to external factorsGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.Self-monitoring (Mark Snyder)
اسلاید 29: Self-monitoring (Mark Snyder)Concern for social appropriatenessSensitive to self-presentation of othersUsed as guidelines for monitoring own self-presentationTwo components of self-monitoringInterest in social informationAbility to control self-presentationGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 30: Self-monitoring and attitude-behavior correlationsHigh self-monitors have lower attitude-behavior correlationsTheir behavior is less reflective of their actual attitudes; more in line with what they think is socially appropriateGholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
اسلاید 31: Gholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.Self-EfficacySources of Self-Efficacy Beliefs:- Prior experience- Behavior models- Persuasion from others- Assessment of physical/emotional stateSelf-efficacy: “A person’s belief about his or her chances of successfully accomplishing a specific task.”
اسلاید 32: Gholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.DenialRationalizationSelf-aggrandizementAttributional egotismSense of entitlementanxietyNarcissism
اسلاید 33: Gholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.Proactive Personality Hardy, Proactive, Scarlet.
اسلاید 34: Gholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.Personality TestsCultureEmic or EticThe Cult of Personality (Murphy Paul, 2004)
اسلاید 35: The Big Five Personality TestExtroversion: 1, 6R, 11, 16, 21R, 26, 31R, 36Agreeableness: 2R, 7, 12R, 17, 22, 27R, 32, 37R, 42Conscientiousness: 3, 8R, 13, 18R, 23R, 28, 33, 38, 43RNeuroticism: 4, 9R, 14, 19, 24R, 29, 34R, 39Openness: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35R, 40, 41R, 44Gholipour A. 2010. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.
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