Platform Comparison Java and .NET
اسلاید 1: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt1Platform Comparison Java and .NET Pat Palmer University of Pennsylvania
اسلاید 2: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt2Java and .NETJava was created by Sun in 1992 Microsoft introduced .NET and C# in 2000both platforms are object-oriented, type safe, and have automatic garbage collectionthe two platforms have been competing vigorously on the desktopbut especially in the area of server technology many developers become expert on one platformfew have time to learn boththe schism of understanding the two platforms widensdue to misinformation and disinformation what are the strengths and issues for each platform?
اسلاید 3: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt32008 forecast for market share of OS by platform: (2q 06) Windows 40% Unix 29% Linux 15% Others 16%forecast market share of OS unit sales: (05) in 2002 in 2003 in 2007 Windows 45% 59% 59% Linux 20% 24% 33% Unix 16% 10% 5% Others 19% 7% 3%market share of server shipments by platform in 2005: Windows 65.6% Linux 20.0% Unix 9.5% NetWare 4.2% Others 0.7% FROM: InfoTech Trends http://www.infotechtrends.com/report from 2Q 2006, accessed on 4/8/2007
اسلاید 4: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt4main sectionssimple programsoverview of platformswhy did Sun do it?why did Microsoft do it?Service Oriented Architecture – the peacemaker?
اسلاید 5: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt51 simple programs
اسلاید 6: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt6// Javapublic class Hello { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(Hello world in Java); }}// C#namespace Hello { public class Hello { static void Main(string[] args) { System.Console.WriteLine (Hello world in C#); System.Console.ReadLine(); }}}‘ VBModule HelloWorldSub MainSystem.Console.WriteLine(“Hello World in VB.NET”) System.Console.ReadLine()End SubEnd Moduleconsole programs
اسلاید 7: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt7how much work is it to get this?
اسلاید 8: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt8mininal windowimport java.awt.*;import javax.swing.*;public class Hello extends JFrame implements Runnable{ public static void main(String[] args) { SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Hello()); } public void run() { this.setSize(new Dimension(200,200)); this.setTitle(Hello in Java); this.setVisible(true); }}using System.Windows.Forms;namespace TinyWindowApp{ public class HelloForm : Form { static void Main() { Application.Run(new HelloForm()); } public HelloForm() { ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(200, 200); Text = Hello in C#; } }}
اسلاید 9: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt92 overview of platforms
اسلاید 10: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt10identical types of runtime environmentsJ2SE (Standard) runtimedesktop applicationsJ2EE (Enterprise) runtimeweb applicationsJ2ME (Micro) runtimeruntime for gadgetsC# or VB.NET with VS Expressdesktop applicationIIS with VS Express Webweb applications.NET compact frameworkruntime for gadgets
اسلاید 11: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt11Java platform - .NET platformJava Virtual Machine (JVM)aka Java Runtime Environment (JRE)Linux, Windows, Mac and Unixdownload from SunJIT compiler and librariesJava Development Kit (JDK)Java compiler and utilitiesJava bytecodeintegrated development env. (IDE)Eclipse (free - IBM)Netbeans (free - Sun)application serversTomcatGlassfish (Sun)BEA WeblogicIBM WebsphereMicrosoft .NET Framework 2.0 aka .NET common language runtime (CLR)all versions of Windows (40+)download from MicrosoftJIT compiler and librariesNET framework 2.0 SDKC# and VB.NET compilers and utilitiesCommon Intermediate Language (CIL) integrated development env. (IDE)Visual Studio Express (free - Microsoft)application serversMicrosoft Internet Information Server (IIS)FREE NOT
اسلاید 12: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt12features 1virtual machineplatforms (all major OS’s)specimplementationslibrarieslanguagesJavaJythonGroovyweb servers (many vendors)platforms (Unix, Linux)scalabilitycostweb capabilitiesservletJSPJSFvirtual machineplatforms (all versions of Windows)specimplementationslibrarieslanguagesC#, VB.NET, J# from Microsoftmany others from third parties (Haskell, Lisp, Python, COBOL, Fortran, etc.)web servers (just one!)platforms (most Windows)scalabilitycostweb capabilitieshandlerASP (.NET)(forgot equivalent name)
اسلاید 13: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt13features 2native code callingcomponentsbeansenvironmentsapplet (in browser)servlet (in server)Web Startinstalls from webcaches on user’s PCdeployment.jar.war.ear.classcomplex, painful learning curve that differs for each web server, container, and IDEautomated via ANTXML, like make on Unixnative code callingcomponents.DLLenvironmentsActiveX (in browser)handler (in server)Smart Clientinstalls from webcaches on user’s PCdeployment.exe (on file system).exe (in GAC).dll (on file system)all builds and web installation is automatically handled by Visual Studio (Microsoft’s IDE)
اسلاید 14: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt14features 3databasesJDBCCORBAbinary object remotingXMLvia 3rd-party add-ons until Java 6IDE’sEclipse, with 1000’s of pluginsNetBeans (from Sun) – also freeservice oriented architecture (SOA)annotations appearingweb services WS-Isupported but difficult (3rd party)new partial automation in Java 6 and latest NetBeans IDEI haven’t evaluated these yetdatabasesODBCCOMbinary object remotingXMLexcellent support early oneIDE’sfree versions of Visual Studiosome third party IDE’sservice oriented architecture (SOA)annotationsweb services WS-Isuperbly automated by Visual Studion since 2005
اسلاید 15: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt15the JRE and .NET runtimes include lots of librariesprograms can call a huge body of pre-written codethese reusable components are called the Class Librariesin Java, sometimes they are also called packages or Java API’sin .NET, they tend to be called the framework class librariesthe libraries are designed to be used identicallyin Java, regardless of the underlying operating systemin .NET, regardless of the underlying version of Windows OR which language is being used
اسلاید 16: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt16Just in Time (JIT) compilers in JRE (JVM) and .NET runtimescompilationbefore installation, or the first time each method is calledexecutionJIT Compilernativecode.class filebytecodemetadatasource code compiler
اسلاید 17: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt17console commands for compiling Java and C#.NET> java hellohello.javahello.classjavac1001111010001110 Java bytecodehello.cshello.execsc1001111010001110 Common Intermediate Language (CIL)> hello.exethese run in differentvirtual machinesassembly
اسلاید 18: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt18.NET platform componentsMicrosoft operating systems since Win98Common Language Runtime (CLR) virtual machine (like Java)framework class librariesData and XMLweb services automationWindows DesignerVBC++C#ASP.NET, IISJ#Python…compilersMicrosoft .NETFrameworkMicrosoft Visual Studio .NETdownload freeSoftware DevelopmentKit (SDK)free download
اسلاید 19: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt19Java platform componentsUnix, Linux, Max OS X, WindowsJava Runtime Environement (JRE) virtual machineJava API’sData and XMLweb services automationbeans, remoting, serversJavaJRubyJava Server Pages and servletsJPython…compilersJRE and JDKdownload freeSoftware DevelopmentKit (SDK)free downloadvarious open source and proprietary players
اسلاید 20: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt20who implements Java runtimes? Sun MicrosystemsJava HotSpot Virtual Machine for Windows, Linux, Unix Hewlett-PackardJava runtime for HP-UX, OpenVMS, Tru64, Reliant(Tandem) UNIX) IBM Java runtime for MVS, AIX, OS/400, z/OSApple Computer MacOS Runtime for Java (MRJ)J2SE built-in on Mac OS Xincludes JDK (compilers)BEA Systems JRockit (for their web server)
اسلاید 21: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt21jargon checklistmetadatabytecodeJVMJREJDKJ2SEJ2MEJ2EEIDEGUIwhat is an assembly?an .exe or .dll file compiled by a .NET compilerwhat is “metadata”? the self-describing information inside a .NET assembly or Java .class file What is CIL? (formerly MSIL)Common Intermediate Language (inside a .NET assembly)What is the CLR?Common Language Runtime that executes CIL codewhat is managed code?software that runs in the CLRwhat is native code (or unmanaged code)?software than can run on Windows without the CLR
اسلاید 22: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt223 why did Sun do it?
اسلاید 23: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt23C and C++ perceived common problemspointers are dangerousmemory leaks (failing to free memory correctly)function pointers (jumping to the wrong place)data pointers (pointing to the wrong place)manual garbage collection is a lot of workmultiple inheritance (C++) can get very complicatedambiguities like the “diamond problem” (a.k.a. “diamond of death”)not easily portable across platforms, even with re-compile and discipline
اسلاید 24: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt24a few ways Java improved on C++instead of pointers, Java has referencesreferences are similar to pointers, but with protections (cannot jump into illegal parts of memory)—avoids segmentation fault problemsautomatic garbage collectionmemory is reclaimed from the heap automatically—avoids memory leakssingle inheritanceavoiding the deadly diamond of deathencapsulationall code must be in a class—intended to encourage information hidingarray bounds checkinglibrariesmany common tasks already coded and available for “reuse” by means of inheritancemany interfaces (behaviors) already coded
اسلاید 25: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt254 why did Microsoft do it?
اسلاید 26: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt26Microsoft’s big headacheprior to .NET, Microsoft had a big headacheMicrosoft was supporting too many operating systemsapplication programming interfaces (API’s) were implemented as dynamic link libraries (DLL’s) develop using C++calling the Windows API was different on every operating systemdevelopers first had to find out exactly what kind of system the program was running onand then determine if the API desired was actually installed on the systemthat doesn’t sound so badafter all, there are only a few different kinds of Windows……right?
اسلاید 27: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt27party trivia questionhow many different versions of the Windows operating system existed before Vista, which had their own distinct mix of API’s? select the closest answer:5152535
اسلاید 28: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt28Windows versions which can run the .NET frameworkWindows 98Windows 98 Second EditionWindows 2000 Professional with SP4Windows 2000 Server with SP4Windows 2000 Advanced Server with SP4Windows 2000 Datacenter Server with SP4Windows XP Professional with SP2Windows XP Home Edition with SP2Windows XP Media Center Edition 2002 with SP2Windows XP Media Center Edition 2004 with SP2Windows XP Media Center Edition 2005Windows XP Tablet PC Edition with SP2Windows XP Starter EditionMicrosoft Windows Millennium EditionMicrosoft Windows Server™ 2003 Standard EditionWindows Server 2003 Enterprise EditionWindows Server 2003 Datacenter EditionWindows Server 2003 Web EditionWindows Server 2003 R2, Standard EditionWindows Server 2003 R2, Enterprise EditionWindows Server 2003 R2, Datacenter Edition Windows XP Professional x64 EditionWindows Server 2003, Standard x64 EditionWindows Server 2003, Enterprise x64 EditionWindows Server 2003, Datacenter x64 EditionWindows Server 2003 R2, Standard x64 EditionWindows Server 2003 R2, Enterprise x64 EditionWindows Server 2003 R2, Datacenter x64 EditionWindows Server 2003 with SP1, Enterprise Edition for Itanium-based SystemsWindows Server 2003 with SP1, Datacenter Edition for Itanium-based SystemsWindows Server 2003 R2, Enterprise Edition for Itanium-based SystemsWindows Server 2003 R2, Datacenter Edition for Itanium-based SystemsMicrosoft Windows Mobile™ for Pocket PCWindows Mobile for SmartphoneMicrosoft Windows CENOTE: does not include Vista
اسلاید 29: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt29Windows versions that can not run the .NET framework v2.0Windows 95Windows NT® ServerWindows NT WorkstationWindows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition for Itanium-based SystemsWindows Server 2003, Datacenter Edition for Itanium-based Systems
اسلاید 30: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt305 Service Oriented Architecture – the peacemaker?
اسلاید 31: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt31who are the big web server and database marketplace players?SunIBMBEASAPOracleMicrosoft
اسلاید 32: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt32world wide web developmentJava servletsJava Server Pages (JSP)BeansCORBA (binary)XML web services (SOA).NET handlersActive Server Pages (ASP.NET).NET DLL’s and .NET custom controlsCOM (binary)XML Web services (SOA)
اسلاید 33: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt33Service Oriented Architectures (SOA)web servicesremotely located programs that use XML to make remote calls and get the resultsXML traveling over HTTPit’s all plain text and goes through firewallsstandards are emergingJave service end points and Microsoft client endpoints can talk to each other (and vice versa)
اسلاید 34: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt34what we just coveredsimple programsoverview of platformswhy did Sun do it?why did Microsoft do it?Service Oriented Architecture – the peacemaker?
اسلاید 35: 21-Jan-18compare.ppt35the end of this PowerPoint fileHooray!
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