حس و راه های حسی

حس و راه های حسی

اسلاید 1: 1

اسلاید 2: 2

اسلاید 3: در این سمینار ما به نتایج زیر دست پیدا میکنیم(T=5) تعریف کلی از حس و راههای حسی(T=10m) Sensory Alterations(T=10m) ( ICU psychosisمعرفی یک بیماری( کاملی 1388 3

اسلاید 4: تجربه به حسی چیست؟1- دریافت حسیفرایند دریافت اطلاعات از محیت بیرونی یا درونی رادریافت حسی گویند2-ادراک حسییک فرایند هوشیارانه در انتخاب ،سازماندهیو تفسیراطلاعات از حسها به اطلاعات معنی دار میباشدتعریف کلی از حس و راههای حسی کاملی 1388 4

اسلاید 5: دریافت حسیدریافت حسی توسط گیرنده ها انجام میگیردعلت اصلی تغییر پتانسیل غشا نفوذپذیری گیرنده غشایی است که امکان انتشار کمابیش یونها از غشا و در نتیجه تغییر پتانسیل غشایی را فراهم میکند 5کاملی 1388

اسلاید 6: NUR101FALL 2008LECTURE # 18K. BURGERPPP By Sharon Niggemeier RN MSدرک حسی در مغز انجام میشودکاملی 1388 6

اسلاید 7: A change in environment can lead to MORE or LESS normal stimuli.When stimuli is different from what one is used to it leads to sensory alterations.Hospitalized patients will experience sensory alterations due to different stimuli loads.Can result in sensory overload or sensory deprivation Sensory Alterations7کاملی 1388

اسلاید 8: Results from being unable to manage sensory stimuli: (too much stimuli)Pain, dyspnea, anxiety (internal)Noise,, contact with many strangers (external)Inability to disregard stimuli: for example meds that stimulate the arousal mechanism, may prevent one from ignoring noise Sensory Overload8کاملی 1388

اسلاید 9: Unrealistic perceptions،سردرگمیdisoriented, difficulty concentrating, muscle tensionReduced problem-solving abilityپراکندگی حواسAssessment: Sensory Overload9کاملی 1388

اسلاید 10: Results from decreased sensory input or meaningless input: (too little stimuli)Isolation/non-stimulating monotonous environmentImpaired ability to receive and/or send stimuli: vision, hearing deficits, speech deficits ( expressive or receptive aphasia) Inability to cognitively process stimuli-confused, brain injury, meds affecting CNSSensory Deprivation10کاملی 1388

اسلاید 11: Impaired reception, perception or both of the sensesBlindness, deafness, loss of taste, smell, touchOne sense may become more acute to compensate for deficitSensory Deficits11کاملی 1388

اسلاید 12: Drowsiness/sleeping/yawningDecreased attention, difficulty concentrating, impaired memoryDisorientation, confusion, hallucinations needs stimulus; body may produce hallucinations to maintain optimal arousalCrying, annoyance over small matters, depressionApathy, daydreaming, angerAssessing: Sensory Deprivation12کاملی 1388

اسلاید 13: Sensory OverloadRoom close to nurses stationICU or intermediate unitBright lightsUse of mechanical ventilatorUse of ECG monitorUse of oxygenUse of IVsOther equipmentFrequent treatments13Risk Factors for Sensory Perception Dysfunction in the Healthcare Environment

اسلاید 14: Sensory DeprivationPrivate roomEyes bandagedBed restSensory aid not available (hearing aid, glasses)Isolation precautionsFew visitors14Risk Factors for Sensoyr Perception Dysfunction in the Healthcare Environment

اسلاید 15: Disturbed sensory perceptionSocial IsolationSituational low self-esteemDisturbed thought processes NURSING DIAGNOSIS15کاملی 1388

اسلاید 16: لامسه ایمن به لمس حساسیت زیادی دارم حتی سنگینی لباسهایم روی پوستم مرا اذیت میکند من سعی میکنم بدنم را هر مقدار که میتوانمکم حرکت دهم ولی حتی وزش نسیم هم به من غیر ممکن استمحرومیت حسیاینجا در بیمارستان من فکر میکنم در حال دیوانه شدن هستم به ساعت دیواری که نگاه میکنم تبدیل به یک خورشید چرخان با صورتی غمگین میشود که به من نزدیک شده و من از اینکه خیلی نزدیک شود هراس دارم16تشخیصهای پرستاری در اختلالات حسی (مثال)

اسلاید 17: Client will: Demonstrate understanding by a verbal, written, or signed response (SENSORY DEFICIT)Client will: Demonstrate relaxed body movements and facial expressions (SENSORY OVERLOAD)Client will: Remain free from injury PLANNING17کاملی 1388

اسلاید 18: Prevent sensory alterationTeach self stimulation methods- reading, etc. Provide stimulation – visual, auditory, gustatory, tactileProvide reality orientationInterventions: Sensory Deprivation18کاملی 1388

اسلاید 19: ICU psychosis syndromeمعرفی یک سندرم19کاملی 1388

اسلاید 20: ICU psychosis is ICU syndrome. ICU psychosis is also a form of delirium, or acute mentale failure.How long does ICU psychosis last? it may last 24 hours or even up to two weeks with fluctuations of the level of consciousness and behavior patterns. What is ICU psychosis? 20کاملی 1388

اسلاید 21: Sudden and unexpected nature of eventsPainICU environmenOther factors .The loss of control over their lives that patients often feel in an ICU.Causes of psychological problems21کاملی 1388

اسلاید 22: Environmental Causes Sensory deprivation (being put in a room often without windows, away from family, friends and all that is familiar) Sensory overload (being tethered to noisy machines day and night) Sleep disturbance and deprivationContinuous light levelsStressLack of orientation Medical monitoringWhat causes ICU psychosis?22کاملی 1388

اسلاید 23: Medical CausesPain (which may not be adequately controlled in an ICU) Critical illness: The pathophysiology of the disease, illness or traumatic event - the stress on the body during an illness can cause a variety of symptoms.Medication (drug) reaction or side effects: Infection creating fever and toxins in the body.23What causes ICU psychosis?

اسلاید 24: Medical CausesMetabolic disturbances: electrolyte imbalance, hypoxia (low blood oxygen levels), and elevated liver enzymes. Heart failure (inadequate cardiac output)Cumulative analgesia (the inability to feel pain while still conscious)Dehydration24What causes ICU psychosis?

اسلاید 25: extreme excitement anxiety restlessness hearing voices clouding of consciousness hallucinations nightmares paranoia disorientation agitation delusions abnormal behavior Symptoms of ICU psychosis 25کاملی 1388

اسلاید 26: Pain control、analgesic drugsFamily supportDay-awake,night-asleep Removing many wires and tubesConstant and monotonus soundsInterventions to prevent psychological problems26کاملی 1388

اسلاید 27: Large clock,calendar and outside window visible to the patients to help with orientationPersonally familiar beside objects such as clock,radio or family photographs.Use spectacles or hearing aids. Such as radio or television sets to provide meaningful sensory stimuli27Interventions to prevent psychological problems

اسلاید 28: Fundamentals of nursing TAYLOR 2005Guyton&hall . Medical physiology 11 TH edition 2006Searching of elsevier and other databace28Referencesکاملی 1388

اسلاید 29: THANK YOU for your attention29کاملی 1388

اسلاید 30: 30