دارو درمانی و مراقبت پرستاری در منزل آسم

دارو درمانی و مراقبت پرستاری در منزل آسم

اسلاید 1: Asthma Figure 13-1. Asthma. DMC, Degranulation of mast cell; SMC, smooth muscle constriction; MA, mucus accumulation; MP, mucus plug; HALV, hyperinflation of alveoli.

اسلاید 2: Anatomic Alterations of the LungsSmooth muscle constriction of bronchial airways (bronchospasm)Excessive production of thick, whitish, tenacious bronchial secretionsHyperinflation of alveoli (air-trapping)Mucus plugging and, in severe cases, atelectasis

اسلاید 3: EtiologyExtrinsic asthmaAllergic or atopic asthmaIntrinsic asthmaNonallergic or nonatopic asthma

اسلاید 4: Figure 13-2. The immunologic mechanisms in asthma.

اسلاید 5: Asthma InfectionsExercise and cold airIndustrial pollutants or occupational exposureDrugs, food additives, and food preservativesGastroesophageal refluxSleep (nocturnal asthma)Emotional stressPremenstrual asthma

اسلاید 6: Figure 13-3. Factors triggering intrinsic asthma.

اسلاید 7: Additional Risk FactorsResidence in a large urban areaExposure to secondhand smokeA parent who has asthmaRespiratory infections in childhoodLow birth weightObesity

اسلاید 8:  Figure 9-10. Bronchospasm clinical scenario (e.g., asthma).