مکتب های ادبی ( Elizabethan Drama )

مکتب های ادبی ( Elizabethan Drama )

اسلاید 1: Elizabethan Drama

اسلاید 2: It is generally agreed that the period began at the commencement of the reign of Queen Elizabeth I in 1558, the ending date is not as definite. Some consider the age to have ended at the queen’s death in 1603, whereas others place the end of Elizabethan Drama at the closing of the theaters in 1642. Elizabeth Ireturned England to Protestantismquelled a great deal of internal turmoilunified the nationsparked a surge of activity in the theaterDuring Elizabeth’s reign, some playwrights were able to make a comfortable living by receiving royal patronage.There was a great deal of theatrical activity at Court, and many public theaters were also built on the outskirts of London. Elizabethan tragedy dealt with heroic themes, usually centering on a great personality who is destroyed by his own passion and ambition.

اسلاید 3: Theater was a popular pastime, and people of all walks of life attended.The theater also drew many unsavory characters, including pickpockets, cutpurses, and prostitutes.Because of the perceived bad influence of the theaters, the Puritans were vocally opposed to them and succeeded in shutting them down in 1642.Some of the most important playwrightsWilliam ShakespeareBen JonsonChristopher MarloweThe plays were modeled on previous plays, such as:Greek tragedySeneca’s plays Attic dramaEnglish miracle playsmorality plays and interludes

اسلاید 4: REPRESENTATIVE AUTHORSGeorge Chapman (c. 1559–1634)He was born around 1559 in the town of Hitchin in Hertfordshire, near London.He attended Oxford in 1574 but left before completing his degree. From 1583 through 1585, he was in the household of Sir Ralph Sadler Chapman served in the military in 1591 and 1592 but returned to London prior to 1594.Chapman’s earliest drama, The Blind Beggar of Alexandria, was produced in 1596Chapman wrote approximately twenty-one plays between 1596 and 1613, but his output was very sporadic. Some years he wrote no plays, instead concentrating his efforts on translating the poetry of Homer.

اسلاید 5: Chapman experienced financial troubles throughout his life and spent some time in debtor’s prison. Prince Henry undertook sponsorship of the Homer project in 1603Chapman also wrote plays for the Children of the Chapel, and the company produced Chapman’s most famous tragedies:Bussy D’Ambois (1604) two plays on Byron (1608)He died on May 12, 1634.