Alternative Healing
اسلاید 1: www.tabaye.ir
اسلاید 2: Alternative Healing
اسلاید 3: AgendaIntroducing CAMEvaluating Web SitesRecommended WebsitesReviewing the Evidence
اسلاید 4: Complementary and Alternative MedicineCA*NHIS 2007 Results>23,00 adults> 9000 childrenHispanic subpopulationadministered by NIH/CDCSelf reportInterview one child if they are presentCAM STATISTICS
اسلاید 5: 19th C Alternative MedicineMany medical sects emerged and challenged allopathic medicineThomsonianismEclectic movementHydropathyMost died out
اسلاید 6: Heroic MedicineBlood lettingPurgativesEmeticsSialogogues
اسلاید 7: HomeopathyLargest unorthodox sect in 19th cSamuel Christian Hahnemann German physicianTranslated classical medical textsRejected allopathic medicineBrought to US in 1825
اسلاید 8: HomeopathyA new system of medicineEmployed an experimental pharmacologySelf-experimentation or “provings”Initially popular in EuropeSpread to USA
اسلاید 9: OsteopathyAndrew Taylor StillSon of pioneer dr and Methodist ministerFrontier physicianKansasApprenticeshipChildren died of meningitis1874 conceives of osteopathyItinerant physician
اسلاید 10: Created alternative to allopathic medicineHuman body like a machine; Ought to function well if mechanically soundTreat body by improving natural functions
اسلاید 11: Osteopathic Medicine
اسلاید 12: Chiropractic Medicine1895Daniel David PalmerIowaCheir= handpraxis= practiceFirst patientDeaf janitor
اسلاید 13: Chiropractic MedicineDisease: joint-oriented nerve interferenceObstructs flow of “innate intelligence”Innate IntelligenceRegulates all vital functions as it flows through CNSConnects “man the spiritual” to “man the physical”Remove nerve interference caused by subluxations so that innate intelligence can maintain health and bodily equilibrium
اسلاید 14: What is CAM?Complementary and Alternative Medicine Complementary: together with aromatherapy to help with pain after surgeryAlternative: in place ofusing garlic to lower blood pressure
اسلاید 15: “Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is a broad domain of healing resources encompassing all health systems, modalities, and practices and their accompanying theories and beliefs, other than those intrinsic to the dominant health system of a particular society or culture in a given historical period.” “All practices and ideas defined by their users as preventing or treating illness or promoting health and well-being are included.”“Boundaries within CAM and between the CAM domain and that of the dominant system are not always well defined.”(Cochrane)
اسلاید 16:
اسلاید 17: CAM becomes “legit”1990Wilk et al v. AMA1991 $2 million in funding to establish NIH Office of Alternative Medicine1994 Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act
اسلاید 18: CAM becomes “legit”1995NIH Office of Dietary SupplementsFDA declassifies Acupuncture needles as experimental product1996NIH Consensus Conference on Acupuncture1997First large trial of CAM therapy, St. John’s Wort for depression
اسلاید 19: CAM becomes “legit”1998National Center for Complementary & Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) established http://nccam.nih.gov/First full scale article in JAMA on herbal medicineOffice of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine (OCCAM) established http://www.cancer.gov/cam/2001CAM on PubMed (NCCAM and NLM)2009 - $296 million in NIH CAM research
اسلاید 20: Complementary and Alternative Medicine
اسلاید 21: Impact of CAMCDC Report (2007)38% of adults used some form of CAM Children whose parent used CAM were 2x as likely to have used CAMCAM use more prevalent for: women, adults aged 30-69, higher levels of education, adults who were not poor, adults living in the West, and former smokersFull report: http://nccam.nih.gov/news/camstats/
اسلاید 22: Figure 17.2The Domains of Complementary and Alternative Medicine
اسلاید 23: Diseases and Conditions
اسلاید 24: Top CAM Therapies
اسلاید 25: Top 10 Supplements
اسلاید 26: Types?Biologically based practices supplementing a persons normal dietManipulative and body-based therapies focus on the bodys various systems and structures Mind-body interventions use the connection between a persons mind, body, and spirit to enhance total well beingEnergy therapies are meant to restore disturbances in the bodys natural energy
اسلاید 27: Types? (Common)AcupunctureAlexander TechniqueAllergy testingAromatherapy Art TherapyAutogenic TrainingAuricular AcupunctureAyuveda Bodywork BowenBiofeedbackChiropractic Chinese Herbal MedicineCounselling Craniosacral TherapyCrystal TherapyDowsing Flower TherapyHealing HerbalismHomeopathy
اسلاید 28: Types? (Common)Hydrotherapy HypnotherapyIndian Head MassageIridologyKinesiologyMusic TherapyNaturopathyNutritionOsteopathyPhysiotherapyRadionicsReflexologyReikiShiatsuTai ChiTENS therapyTraditional Chinese MedicineThought Field TherapyYoga Therapy
اسلاید 29: Types? (Rarer)Auricular AcupunctureAustralian Flower Essences TherapyBach Flower remediesBee Venom TherapyChelation Therapy Colonic Hydrotherapy Colour Therapy Dream Therapy Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprogramming Exercise Healing Health Clubs Health Screening Juice Therapy Light Therapy Light Touch Therapy Magnotherapy Marma TherapyMeta-AromatherapyMicrowave Resonanace TherapyNaturotherapyOxygen TherapyPanchakama TherapyPIP scansRaw Vegetable Juice TherapyRolfingSpiritual CounsellingStress ManagementSwimming TherapyTransdecendal MeditationTragerworkVegetable Juice Therapy
اسلاید 30: Categorization of Therapies Whole Medical SystemsBiologically Based PracticesEnergy Medicine Manipulative and Body-Based PracticesMind-Body Medicine National Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine
اسلاید 31: Whole Medical SystemsComplete systems of theory and practice that evolved independently Traditional systems of medicine that are practiced by individual cultures throughout the world Includes traditional Chinese medicine, Ayurvedic medicine, homeopathy, naturopathyNational Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine
اسلاید 32: Biologically Based PracticesIncludes: botanicals, animal-derived extracts, vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, amino acids, proteins, whole diets, and functional foodsDietary supplements are a subset of biologically based practicesNational Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine
اسلاید 33: Biologically Based - SupplementsWhat is a supplement?Regulated by FDA http://www.fda.govno requirements for FDA testingmanufacturers responsible for ensuring product safetylabel requirementsSafety alerts: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/ds-warn.html
اسلاید 34: Energy MedicineVeritable - energy that can be measuredIncludes sound, visible light, magnetismPutative – energy that has yet to be measuredhuman beings are infused with a subtle form of energy Includes qi (ki in Japanese); doshas; prana, homeopathic resonanceNational Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine
اسلاید 35: Energy Medicine - AcupunctureFew complications Scientific evidence?post chemotherapy management of nauseapain reliefNIH Consensus Statement (1997)http://consensus.nih.gov/1997/1997Acupuncture107html.htm
اسلاید 36: Manipulative and Body-BasedStructures and systems of the body, including the bones and joints, the soft tissues, and the circulatory and lymphatic systemsIncludes chiropractic manipulation, massage therapy, reflexology, rolfing, Alexander technique, Feldenkrais method*National Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine
اسلاید 37: Mind-Body MedicineInteractions among the brain, mind, body, and behaviorThe ways in which emotional, mental, social, spiritual, and behavioral factors can directly affect healthIncludes relaxation, hypnosis, visual imagery, meditation, yoga, biofeedback, tai chi, group support, and spirituality *National Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine
اسلاید 38: Other CAM TherapiesAromatherapyColonic IrrigationTherapeutic TouchEDTA ChelationCuppingPrimordial Sound Meditation
اسلاید 39: Specific Types?AromatherapyUsed since Egyptian timesDistilled plant extracts 400 OilsVarying quality (RCT)Improve well-beingPeppermint – digestive effectsTea Tree Oil – antibacterialMassage, Baths, Inhalation
اسلاید 40: Specific Types?Bee Venom TherapyContain sulphur Stimulates cortisol release Applied to surfaceChronic inflammatory conditionsRA, MyositisApplied for 5days with 2-3day intervalNormally haemorrhagic
اسلاید 41: Avoiding Bad ScienceThe “One Product Does It All” claimhttp://www.emuoilcanada.com/Personal Testimonials http://www.getslimslippers.com/Quick Fixes/Cures http://www.improveyourhealthonline.com/ The “No Risk Money Back Guarantee” http://www.naturalhpvcure.com/ The “Natural” claim http://www.amtrueman.com/products.html
اسلاید 42: Evaluating Web SitesAccuracyAuthorityBiasCurrency Coverage
اسلاید 43: Evaluation Exercises
اسلاید 44: Recommended WebsitesAbout Herbs, Botanicals & Other Products
اسلاید 45: Examining the ResearchObservational StudiesClinical Trials/Studiescontrolledblind/double-blindrandomizedClinicalTrials.govGovernment and private clinical studies involving humanshttp://clinicaltrials.gov
اسلاید 46: Clinical Trials and CAMDrug companies vs. supplement companiesCustomization of treatment in CAMCAM does not necessarily want to be studied CAM has only recently become “legit” in the scientific community
اسلاید 47: Money to fund CAMNCCAM: $121.7 million (2009)OCCAM: $121.9 million (2009)Total all NIH: $296 millionWhat about funding for pharmaceuticals? $65.2 billion on R&D (2008) by drug companies$114.4 billion on R&D (2008) by NIH (this includes NCCAM and OCCAM)
اسلاید 48: Figure 17.3Assessing the Risks and Benefits of CAM Treatments
اسلاید 49: The other sideSome say CAM research should not be fundedhttp://www.nccamwatch.org/ (Stephen Barrett)Or some CAM research should not be fundedhttp://tinyurl.com/46ayhjj
اسلاید 50: Reviewing the EvidenceEvidence Based Medicine: “What evidence do we have to justify the treatment…”National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM)CAM on PubMed http://pubmed.gov
اسلاید 51: CAM on PubMed Exercises
اسلاید 52: THANK YOU!
نقد و بررسی ها
هیچ نظری برای این پاورپوینت نوشته نشده است.