Energy: Forms and Changes
اسلاید 1: Energy: Forms and Changes
اسلاید 2: Nature of EnergyEnergy is all around you!You can hear energy as sound.You can see energy as light.And you can feel it as wind.
اسلاید 3: Nature of EnergyYou use energy when you:hit a softball.lift your book bag.compress a spring.
اسلاید 4: Nature of EnergyLiving organisms need energy for growth and movement.
اسلاید 5: Nature of EnergyEnergy is involved when:a bird flies.a bomb explodes.rain falls from the sky.electricity flows in a wire.
اسلاید 6: Nature of EnergyWhat is energy that it can be involved in so many different activities?Energy can be defined as the ability to do work.If an object or organism does work (exerts a force over a distance to move an object) the object or organism uses energy.
اسلاید 7: Nature of EnergyBecause of the direct connection between energy and work, energy is measured in the same unit as work: joules (J).In addition to using energy to do work, objects gain energy because work is being done on them.
اسلاید 8: Forms of EnergyThe five main forms of energy are:HeatChemicalElectromagneticNuclearMechanical
اسلاید 9: Heat EnergyThe internal motion of the atoms is called heat energy, because moving particles produce heat.Heat energy can be produced by friction.Heat energy causes changes in temperature and phase of any form of matter.
اسلاید 10: Chemical EnergyChemical Energy is required to bond atoms together.And when bonds are broken, energy is released.
اسلاید 11: Chemical EnergyFuel and food are forms of stored chemical energy.
اسلاید 12: Electromagnetic EnergyPower lines carry electromagnetic energy into your home in the form of electricity.
اسلاید 13: Electromagnetic EnergyLight is a form of electromagnetic energy.Each color of light (Roy G Bv) represents a different amount of electromagnetic energy.Electromagnetic Energy is also carried by X-rays, radio waves, and laser light.
اسلاید 14: Nuclear EnergyThe nucleus of an atom is the source of nuclear energy.
اسلاید 15: Nuclear EnergyWhen the nucleus splits (fission), nuclear energy is released in the form of heat energy and light energy.Nuclear energy is also released when nuclei collide at high speeds and join (fuse).
اسلاید 16: Nuclear EnergyThe sun’s energy is produced from a nuclear fusion reaction in which hydrogen nuclei fuse to form helium nuclei.
اسلاید 17: Nuclear EnergyNuclear energy is the most concentrated form of energy.Most of us live within 10 miles of the Surry Nuclear Power Plant which converts nuclear energy into electromagnetic energy.
اسلاید 18: Mechanical EnergyWhen work is done to an object, it acquires energy. The energy it acquires is known as mechanical energy.
اسلاید 19: Mechanical EnergyWhen you kick a football, you give mechancal energy to the football to make it move.
اسلاید 20: Mechanical EnergyWhen you throw a balling ball, you give it energy. When that bowling ball hits the pins, some of the energy is transferred to the pins (transfer of momentum).
اسلاید 21: Energy ConversionEnergy can be changed from one form to another. Changes in the form of energy are called energy conversions.
اسلاید 22: Energy conversionsAll forms of energy can be converted into other forms.The sun’s energy through solar cells can be converted directly into electricity.Green plants convert the sun’s energy (electromagnetic) into starches and sugars (chemical energy).
اسلاید 23: Other energy conversionsIn an electric motor, electromagnetic energy is converted to mechanical energy.In a battery, chemical energy is converted into electromagnetic energy.The mechanical energy of a waterfall is converted to electrical energy in a generator.
اسلاید 24: Energy ConversionsIn an automobile engine, fuel is burned to convert chemical energy into heat energy. The heat energy is then changed into mechanical energy.
اسلاید 25: Chemical Heat Mechanical
اسلاید 26: States of EnergyThe most common energy conversion is the conversion between potential and kinetic energy.All forms of energy can be in either of two states:PotentialKinetic
اسلاید 27: States of Energy: Kinetic and Potential EnergyKinetic Energy is the energy of motion.Potential Energy is stored energy.
اسلاید 28: Kinetic EnergyThe energy of motion is called kinetic energy.The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has.The greater the mass of a moving object, the more kinetic energy it has.Kinetic energy depends on both mass and velocity.
اسلاید 29: Kinetic Energy K.E. = mass x velocity 2What has a greater affect of kinetic energy, mass or velocity? Why?2
اسلاید 30: Potential EnergyPotential Energy is stored energy.Stored chemically in fuel, the nucleus of atom, and in foods.Or stored because of the work done on it:Stretching a rubber band.Winding a watch.Pulling back on a bow’s arrow.Lifting a brick high in the air.
اسلاید 31: Gravitational Potential EnergyPotential energy that is dependent on height is called gravitational potential energy.
اسلاید 32: Potential EnergyEnergy that is stored due to being stretched or compressed is called elastic potential energy.
اسلاید 33: Gravitational Potential EnergyA waterfall, a suspension bridge, and a falling snowflake all have gravitational potential energy.
اسلاید 34: Gravitational Potential EnergyIf you stand on a 3-meter diving board, you have 3 times the G.P.E, than you had on a 1-meter diving board.
اسلاید 35: Gravitational Potential Energy“The bigger they are the harder they fall” is not just a saying. It’s true. Objects with more mass have greater G.P.E.The formula to find G.P.E. isG.P.E. = Weight X Height.
اسلاید 36: Kinetic-Potential Energy ConversionRoller coasters work because of the energy that is built into the system. Initially, the cars are pulled mechanically up the tallest hill, giving them a great deal of potential energy. From that point, the conversion between potential and kinetic energy powers the cars throughout the entire ride.
اسلاید 37: Kinetic vs. Potential EnergyAt the point of maximum potential energy, the car has minimum kinetic energy.
اسلاید 38: Kinetic-Potential Energy ConversionsAs a basketball player throws the ball into the air, various energy conversions take place.
اسلاید 39: Ball slows downBall speeds up
اسلاید 40: The Law of Conservation of EnergyEnergy can be neither created nor destroyed by ordinary means.It can only be converted from one form to another.If energy seems to disappear, then scientists look for it – leading to many important discoveries.
اسلاید 41: Law of Conservation of EnergyIn 1905, Albert Einstein said that mass and energy can be converted into each other. He showed that if matter is destroyed, energy is created, and if energy is destroyed mass is created. 2E = MC
اسلاید 42: Vocabulary Wordsenergymechanical energyheat energychemical energyelectromagnetic energynuclear energykinetic energypotential energygravitational potential energyenergy conversionLaw of Conservation of Energy
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