(Decision Support and Business Intelligence Systems (9th Ed., Prentice Hall
اسلاید 1: Decision Support and Business Intelligence Systems (9th Ed., Prentice Hall)Chapter 10:Collaborative Computer-Supported Technologies and Group Support Systems
اسلاید 2: Learning ObjectivesUnderstand the basic concepts and processes of groupwork, communication and collaborationDescribe how computer systems facilitate communication and collaboration in enterprisesKnow the concepts and importance of the time/place frameworkBe aware of the underlying principles and capabilities of groupware (e.g., GSS)Know the process gains and losses and how GSS increases/decreases each of themDescribe indirect support for decision making, especially in synchronous environments
اسلاید 3: Learning ObjectivesBecome familiar with the GSS products of the major vendors (e.g., Lotus, Microsoft, WebEx, Groove)Understand the concept of GDSS and describe how to structure an electronic meeting in a decision roomDescribe the three settings of GDSSDescribe how a GDSS uses parallelism and anonymity and how they lead to process/task gains and lossesUnderstand how the Web enables collaborative computing and group support of virtual meetingsDescribe the role of emerging technologiesDefine creativity and explain how it can be facilitated by computers
اسلاید 4: CollaborationWhat is it?“… making joint effort toward achieving an agreed upon goal.”Meeting is a common form of collaborationWhy collaborate?
اسلاید 5: Why Collaborate?ReviewShare WorkShare the VisionSocializeBuild ConsensusSolve ProblemsMake DecisionsSynergyShare InformationBuild Trust
اسلاید 6: Collaboration is DifficultWaiting to speakDominationFear of SpeakingMisunderstandingInattentionLack of FocusInadequate CriteriaPremature DecisionsMissing InformationDistractionsWrong PeopleGroupthinkPoor Grasp of ProblemIgnored AlternativesLack of ConsensusPoor PlanningHidden AgendasConflictInadequate ResourcesPoorly Defined GoalsIneffectiveCollaboration
اسلاید 7: Collaboration is Expensive15 Million formal Sessions / day ? Million Informal Sessions / day 4 Billion Sessions / year 30-80% Manager’s timeFortune 500 Companies3M Corporation Study
اسلاید 8: Collaboration is EssentialNo one has all the …ExperienceKnowledgeResourcesInsight, and Inspiration…to do the job aloneBottom line:Collaboration is difficult, expensive, and yet essential for today’s organizations
اسلاید 9: How Do People Collaborate?Level 1 Collected Work :Uncoordinated Individual EffortsLevel 2 Coordinated Work:Coordinated Individual EffortsLevel 3 Concerted Work:Concerted Team Effort SprintersRelay3 Levels of Collaboration CapabilityCrewHighLowDegree ofCollaborativeEffort
اسلاید 10: Joint activityEqual or near equal statusOutcome depends on participant’s knowledge, etc.Outcome depends on group compositionOutcome depends on decision-making processDisagreement settled by rank or negotiationMeetings (a form of collaboration)
اسلاید 11: Dozens of people attends Everyone … talks at once hears everything understands remembers The impossible dream?The Ideal Meeting
اسلاید 12: Traditional MeetingsOnly ONE person can speak at a time
اسلاید 13: GSS MeetingsBy using the computer everyone canSPEAK and be understood simultaneously
اسلاید 14: Communication SupportVitalNeeded for collaborationModern information technologies provide inexpensive, fast, capable, reliable means of supporting communicationInternet / Web
اسلاید 15: A Time/Place Communication Framework
اسلاید 16: Goal: to support groupworkIncrease benefits / decrease losses of collaborationBased on traditional methods Nominal Group Technique“Individuals work alone to generate ideas which are pooled under guidance of a trained facilitator”Delphi Method“A structured process for collecting and distilling knowledge from a group of experts by means of questionnaires” Electronic Meeting System (EMS)Group Support Systems
اسلاید 17: Process Gains:Parallelism( simultaneous contributions )Larger groups can participateAnonymity( promotes equal participation )Focus on content not personalitiesTriggering ( stimulates thinking )Synergy ( integrates ideas )Structure ( facilitates problem solving )Record keeping ( promotes organizational memory )Process Loses:Free-ridingFlamingGSS – Important Features
اسلاید 18: Benefits of AnonymityIdeas considered on merit not sourceOvercome fear of speaking upMore ideas leads to more quality ideasDefuses tough political discussions
اسلاید 19: Decision roomMultiple use facilityWeb-basedGSS Enabling Technologies
اسلاید 20: 12 to 30 networked personal computersUsually recessed into the desktopServer PC Large-screen projection systemBreakout roomsNeed a Trained Facilitator for SuccessThe Decision (Electronic Meeting) Room
اسلاید 21: IBM Corp.Cool Decision Rooms
اسلاید 22: Cooler Decision Rooms
اسلاید 23: Murraysville School District BusMobile Decision Rooms
اسلاید 24: On-Demand Decision Rooms
اسلاید 25: High CostNeed for a Trained FacilitatorRequires Specific Software Support for Different Cooperative TasksInfrequent UseDifferent Place / Different Time NeedsMay Need More Than OneFew Organizations Use Decision Rooms
اسلاید 26: Facilitation in GSSFacilitation is a set of functions or activities carried out before, during, and after a meeting to help the group achieve its own outcomes. Facilitative functions may be accomplished by group members or leaders or by an external facilitation specialist.
اسلاید 27: Multiple Use FacilityCheaperStill need a facilitatorWeb-basedCheaper: no extra hardware neededStill need facilitatorOther Technologies
اسلاید 28: GSS Meeting ProcessIterate until the solution is reached…
اسلاید 29: Visit a GSS Meeting
اسلاید 30: Step 1: Prepare an AgendaPrepare an agenda…
اسلاید 31: Step 2: Collect Information… think about the risks to the company if they launch a new line of sports drinks…Brainstorm RiskThink about the risks to company if they launch a new line of products
اسلاید 32: Step 3: Refine InformationGather Additional InformationCapture important issues for the listed items
اسلاید 33: Step 4: Prioritize OptionsPrioritize Risk Based on Likelihood and ImpactUse of Alternative Analysis Ballot for two Criteria
اسلاید 34: Step 5: Review Prioritized OptionsView and Discuss Results of Voting…
اسلاید 35: Step 5: Review Prioritized Options…Chose Risks for Further Analysis…
اسلاید 36: Step 5: Review Prioritized Options…Collect Additional Input On RisksCollect additional comments on top three risks…
اسلاید 37: Step 5: Review Prioritized Options…Review Comments on Risks…
اسلاید 38: Step 6: Create an Action PlanCreate an Action Plan…
اسلاید 39: Step 7: Distribute Session TranscriptsCreate and Distribute a Final Report…
اسلاید 40: Why Successful?ParallelismAnonymitySynergy Structure Record keeping Needs…Organizational commitmentExecutive sponsorDedicated well-trained facilitatorGood planningLast Words about GSS?
اسلاید 41: Collaborative NetworksIntegrated supply-chainCollaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment (CPFR)Collaborative design and product developmentVendor Managed InventoriesWal-Mart, …Collective Intelligence
اسلاید 42: Collaborative Planning, Forecasting, and Replenishment (CPFR)An industry-wide project in which suppliers and retailers collaborate in planning and demand forecasting in order to ensure that members of the supply chain will have the right amount of raw materials and finished goods when they need them.Synchronize production, distribution plans and product flowsOptimize resource utilization over expanded capacity baseIncrease customer responsivenessReduce inventories
اسلاید 43: Vendor-Managed Inventory (VMI)Retailers make their suppliers responsible for determining when to order and how much to order.The retailer provides the supplier with real-time information (point-of-sale data), inventory levels, a threshold below which orders are to be replenished.The retailer is no longer burdened with inventory management, demand forecasting becomes easier.No purchase orders, low inventories, stockouts occurs rarely.The supplier can see the potential need for an item before the item is ordered.
اسلاید 44: Collective IntelligenceA shared intelligence that emerges from the intentional cooperation, collaboration, and/or coordination of many individuals.Examples: Wikipedia, video games, online advertising, learner-generated context, …In order for CI to happen:OpennessPeeringSharingActing globally
اسلاید 45: End of the ChapterQuestions / comments…
اسلاید 46: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America.Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
نقد و بررسی ها
هیچ نظری برای این پاورپوینت نوشته نشده است.