صفحه 1:
ایمنیم هوققووال ear aE) اس
۲ 8
a اعم Hummora 3+3 :
3 ل بیس «(an »>
۵ ال ' عل
5 ۴ یک
۳ ۰
ِ اس >
07 —
eh SS) 9
(۹
ay — e عه
35 - يبيد
ا
۰
.
صفحه 2:
00
نفوسیت 8 چگونه با
تشوسیت oe اه
سيت پا ۱
را تولید می کنند؟
صفحه 3:
ee Ter ae Re hover oi ore Soccer eee
leer
9
حدف از بوجود آمدن پاسخ ایمنی هومورال ... . . . . . . میباشد.
صفحه 4:
Immature B cells
صفحه 5:
a و
۵ 6 6
2
Di Yip) ااا
Surrogate Surrogate ها >
Vpre Bands Vpre'8andAs
Surogate
Aight chain
دنت
—
STEMCELL
Meehan genes Germtine
Germtine ممصمو مامز
00
rar
Membrane 1
Heavy chain
Tight hain
يلاس
ب ا 19509
تس
cas ‘cos, مسب لواو
صفحه 6:
Follicul
B2B cell
“ا وی
immature B
صفحه 7:
Conventional | Marginal zone
eee ace B-2 cells Bells
‘When first produced Fetus After birth After birth
\N-tegions in VDJ junctions. Few Extensive Yes
Primary lean ee ee 55
پم ای مور [| ۳ || Longives
سا سا س | رس
Isotypes secreted IgM >> IgG IgG > IgM IgM > IgG
ال ال تسه
Response to protein antigen Maybe Yes Yes
Requirement for T-cell help No Yes Sometimes
‘Somatic hypermutation ‘Low-none High 2
‘Memory development Little or none Yes 7
FE OE REE Sey
صفحه 8:
ao تسسا اس تا response
B2 cells mediated immune response to TD-Ag*
Ba cells mediated immune response to TI-Ag*
صفحه 9:
B cell antigen recognition
The B cell antigen receptor is
cell surface immunoglobulin (smlg)
AN
4
N
Soluble antibodies and surface membrane immunoglobulin
bind directly to native antigens
صفحه 10:
Oe ume gat cd
و1 مذو سبابيجمن
Caer eat eo
Pee
صفحه 11:
B cells recognize antigen
BCRs directly recognize the epitope on the surface of Ag*
No APC +
۳0 ۱/۳۵۵۵
ادك ل مره مورک
صفحه 12:
صفحه 13:
Extracellular
صفحه 14:
B-cell coreceptor C3d
SSS
— CR2 (CD21)
cD19
TAPA-1
(CD81)
Others?
صفحه 15:
Ig-a/Ig-B
B-cell
membrane
Cytoplasm
ITAM sequence
erate
Sa
صفحه 16:
صفحه 17:
(a) Tl-1 antigen (b) TD antigen
Ty cell
صفحه 18:
۱ ا
seed Ah es Ach ite
Memory T cell
صفحه 19:
3 a 3 4 15
9 aa ۱
3 if He) memory cells
صفحه 20:
9
5
nin serum,
Primary Secondary
response response
units per ml
&
2
5
g
z
9
8
>
3
3
2
3
<
2° Ag
Time after immunization
صفحه 21:
Tule But
ارزو | longer | میسن ن
ا يتك
صفحه 22:
لنفوسيت هاى 8 جكونه انواع كلاس آنتى بادى را توليد مى نمايند؟
شكل كيرى ياسخ ايمنى هومورال در مركز زايا (زرمينال سئتز)؟
0ل ا انا
ل ال روز
eC Re CNL eI ro BOR ae kerr cc
0
صفحه 23:
Afferent
lymphatic
Paracortex
Initial T-cell
and B-cell
| [activation
Cortex
Medulla
Plasma-cell secretion
of antibody
0
Primary follicle
B-cell activation
Germinal center
B-cell
proliferation
and
differentiation
Secondary follicle
Efferent
lymphatic
vessel
صفحه 24:
Follicle
Light
zone
Germinal
center
صفحه 25:
ار یت ۸:19
دا
ك2
اكه )6ه دو
59 Grote
RECOMBINATION
۳
لس يردن
صفحه 26:
Differentiation of B cells in germinal Center
۱ م ee
سلولهای 3] در تولید آنتی بادی بوجود می آید.
affinity maturation
صفحه 27:
9
centrocytes byt ‘ining
fo Ag-Ab compl
صفحه 28:
Recognition Activation phase: B cell
ee proliferation and differentiation
0 © 0
Hel J tis, Antibody
)مانا T cells
(Bere Clonal secretion||
cancion] سس
ee ‘expressing وا
B cell
3 Isotype
۰ (0 < ©1197“ |
Antigen
Resting Activated
rit va Affinity ||
mature B cel 2 2
Bs maturation
High-affinity * موب
‘expressing B 4 A affinity IgG
Memory
B cell |
Figure 9-1 Phases of the humoral immune response.
The activation of 8 cells is initiated by specific recognition of antigens by the surface Ig receptors
of the cells, Antigen and other stimuli, inciuding helper T cells stimulate the proliferation and ditter-
Entiation of the specific B cell clone. Progeny of the clone may produce lgM or other Ig isotypes (e.9.,
i, oF may persist as memory cells
صفحه 29:
nl
۱۳۸
-
06
9
'oG3
ge
gf
cytokines
B-cell activation
TGF-B
= &
lgG2b
هوا
مار
>
او
©
کرت
صفحه 30:
Helper
Teel
pao.
eso.
و ۱
تست 2
‘Aotivated
2
Mucosal tissues,
cytokines
TEN-y] [IL-4 (e.g., TGF-B)
19G subclasses
IgM ie Igeay ‘ge 9۸
‘Complement Fe receptor- Immunity Mucosal
| setivation dependent against immunity
phagocyte Rolminths Gransport of
Fosponaes: IgA through
complement Mast cell Spinel}
activation: Gearanulat
Reonatal Immunity | {immeckat
Transtor) | hyporseneitivity)
Figure 9-15 1g heavy chain tkotype switching.
8 cells activated by helper T cell signals (CD40L, cytokines) undergo switching to different Ig iso
‘types, which mediate distinct effector functions. Selected examples of switehed isotypes in hurmans
are shawn
صفحه 31:
Naive B cell
“antigen
VDI Sy Gi CR by Sy Cy le Se Ce
ERROR ننه © اه هات HOLE
01
ته / -3
No signals fram| Signals fom helper T-cells
helper T cells (E40 ligand. cytokines)
Garmiine 7
1
Garmiina ©
esis ccs eee | Geta ee nec
| S| الممل هه ابسو
7 ۷
کی See
vos VW cy Sece
voc,
om مهم y MRNA
+
oy protein سس
| activated 6 ce
ig example, ge). These sur
Transcription
through yore
Sud
Recombination
of Sy with
oF Se dete
3t interven
© genes 4
Transcnpuon:
FINA splicing
“he absence of helper Teel signals, Bcelke prackice ight
که Reiner chat agnis در و امد ais
2 cn Ui
Translation
] Site for serine eranccriptonh Chats that ere she swipe Cy yerien located between
re Lees me ey
صفحه 32:
Plasma cell
Proliferating B cells
(centrocytes)
Differentiation cytokines:
IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IFN~y< TGF-B|
Activated B cell
(centroblast)
Proliferation cytokines:
IL-2, 1L-4, IL-5
ی میت رک