Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2
اسلاید 1: 44-1www.tabaye.ir
اسلاید 2: Complementary and Alternative MedicinePowerPoint® presentation to accompany:Medical AssistingThird EditionBooth, Whicker, Wyman, Pugh, Thompson
اسلاید 3: 44-3Learning Outcomes44-1 Define CAM.44-2 Compare complementary and alternative medicine to conventional medicine.44-3 Discuss how CAM and conventional medicine are used together.44-4 Identify various types of complementary and alternative medicine.
اسلاید 4: 44-4Learning Outcomes (cont.)44-5 Describe how a medical assistant may use his or her knowledge of CAM. 44-6 Explain why patients and health-care practitioners are turning to complementary treatments.44-7 Discuss insurance and payment for CAM treatments.44-8 Explain how CAM is regulated.44-9 Describe health fraud.
اسلاید 5: 44-5Introduction More than 30% of adults use complementary and alternative therapiesRelieve problemsPromote wellnessNo relief from traditional treatmentsSome physicians use a combination of CAM and traditional therapies
اسلاید 6: 44-6What Is CAM?A group of practices and products that are not part of conventional medicineAllopathy – conventional medicine or common and usual practiceComplementary medicine – used with conventional medicineAlternative medicine – used instead of conventional medicine
اسلاید 7: 44-7What Is CAM? (cont.)Scientific evidence concerning safety and effectiveness Available for some CAM therapiesResearch continues so information changesIntegrative medicine Evolves as CAM therapies are adopted by conventional medicineCombination of both
اسلاید 8: 44-8Apply Your KnowledgeDefine CAM and state why these therapies are not in wide use by practitioners of conventional medicine.ANSWER: CAM is a group of practices and products not considered part of conventional medicine. They are not widely used by physicians because there is not a lot of scientific evidence of their safety and effectiveness.Impressive!
اسلاید 9: 44-9Types of CAMShared similaritiesIndividualized treatments, good nutrition, and preventative health practicesHolisticPromote self-care and self-healingRecognition of one’s spiritual natureCategories Alternative medical systemsMind-body interventionsBiologically-based therapiesManipulative and body-based methodsEnergy therapies
اسلاید 10: 44-10Types of CAM: Alternative Medical SystemsEvolved apart from conventional medicineHomeopathic medicineTreating syndromes and conditions with remedies that produce similar syndromes and conditions in healthy peopleRemedy Produces the symptoms it is given to treat in order to stimulate the body’s natural defenses to heal itselfMust meet FDA standards
اسلاید 11: 44-11Homeopathic medicineLooks at individuals, not diseasesInitial in-depth assessment Follow-up – how they are responding Medical assistant roleSimilar to other medical officesHave knowledge of common remediesTypes of CAM: Alternative Medical Systems (cont.)
اسلاید 12: 44-12Naturopathic medicine Relies on the healing power of the body to establish, maintain, and restore healthPrimary health care Nutritional / lifestyle counselingDietary supplements / medicinal plantsExerciseHomeopathy / traditional Chinese medicineTypes of CAM: Alternative Medical Systems (cont.)
اسلاید 13: 44-13Naturopathic medicineMedical assistant – understanding of treatmentsTraditional Chinese medicineBalanced qi (vital energy)Flow of qi along meridians (energetic pathways)Acupuncture – insertion of hollow needles along meridians Ayurveda – provides guidance regarding food and lifestyle; IndiaTypes of CAM: Alternative Medical Systems (cont.)
اسلاید 14: 44-14Types of CAM: Mind-Body InterventionsEnhance the mind’s capacity to affect bodily function and symptomsSupport groups and cognitive-behavioral therapy now part of traditional medicineScientific support Placebo effect – WW II35% of therapeutic response is due to belief
اسلاید 15: 44-15Most commonly used forms of CAMTypesPrayer Yoga Meditation HypnosisBiofeedback Types of CAM: Mind-Body Interventions (cont.)
اسلاید 16: 44-16Types of CAM: Biologically-Based TherapiesUse substances found in natureDietary supplementsHerbal productsFoods Medical assistantKeep up-to-date about dietary and herbal productsBe able to provide reliable resources for patients
اسلاید 17: 44-17Dietary supplementsManufacturers –> no evidence of effectiveness or safetyNo standardization to ensure consistency and quality Types VitaminsMinerals Herbals – no established recommended daily amountRecommended daily amount established by the FDATypes of CAM: Biologically-Based Therapies (cont.)
اسلاید 18: 44-18Patient education for using supplementsReport all supplements as they would prescription medicationsTake supplement bottles to appointmentsDocument patient’s use of supplements in the medical recordTypes of CAM: Biologically-Based Therapies (cont.)
اسلاید 19: 44-19Types of CAM: Manipulative and Body-Based MethodsBased on the manipulation and/or movement of one or more parts of the bodyTypes Massage therapyChiropractic manipulation ReflexologyAlexander techniqueBowen technique Craniosacral therapyFeldenkrais methodRolfingTrager bodyworkTui Na
اسلاید 20: 44-20Massage Pressure, kneading, stroking, vibration, and tapping to positively affect health Effects RelaxationCounteracts effects of stressLowers heart rate and blood pressure Reduces pain / relaxes muscle spasmsImproves concentrationPromotes restful sleepHelps the mind relaxTypes of CAM: Manipulative and Body-Based Methods (cont.)
اسلاید 21: 44-21Swedish massageStimulates circulation and lymph flow5 basic strokesNeuromuscular massageRelease tension, relieves pain and pressure on nerves, and increases blood flowTrigger point therapySeated massageFocuses on back and neckTypes of CAM: Manipulative and Body-Based Methods (cont.)
اسلاید 22: 44-22Chiropractic medicine Adjustments Manual treatments to re-align the vertebra and restore function of spinal nervesChiropractor Performs an exam and takes a historyTests X-raysMuscle testingAnalyzes posture Types of CAM: Manipulative and Body-Based Methods (cont.)
اسلاید 23: 44-23Types of CAM: Energy TherapiesBioeletromagnetic-based therapiesBalances the electromagnetic fields of the bodyNo scientific evidence of efficacyMagnetic therapyMost common typeMagnets are used to correct disturbances of electromagnetic fields and restore health FDA – no medical value but relatively harmlessAvoid for patients with pacemaker or defibrillator
اسلاید 24: 44-24Biofield therapiesManipulate energy field surrounding the bodyReiki Based on qiVisualization and touch balance energy flow to bring healing energy to organs and glandsTherapeutic touch“Laying-on of hands”Hands direct human energies to help or healNo scientific evidence of efficacyTypes of CAM: Energy Therapies
اسلاید 25: 44-25Apply Your Knowledge Match to types of CAM:___ Therapeutic touchA. Energy therapies___ Chiropractic medicineB. Mind-body therapies___ Dietary supplementsC. Body-based therapies___ Yoga and meditationD. Biologically-based therapies___ TCME. Alternative medical systems___ Herbal supplements___ Homeopathy / naturopathy___ Magnetic therapy___ Hypnosis___ MassageEEDDANSWER:ACCBBAExcellent!
اسلاید 26: 44-26Patients Seeking CAM TherapyUse is increasingLess expensiveHave fewer side effectsMore accessibleIncrease in spiritualityPersonal growthEnvironmentalism Preventive health careReasons for seeking CAM therapyFailure of traditional medical interventionsTreat side effects of conventional medicine’s treatments
اسلاید 27: 44-27Patients Seeking CAM Therapy (cont.)Patients with chronic debilitating conditionsImprove quality of lifeImprove ability to cope with stress and illnessCultural differences in CAM useHispanics Native AmericansAccept patient’s right to choose CAM therapy
اسلاید 28: 44-28Apply Your KnowledgeMr. State is complaining about chronic back pain. He says that the medication only helps a little and asks you if there is anything else you could recommend that will help him. What should you tell him?ANSWER: If your employer is not averse to CAM therapies, you can tell him that there are CAM therapies that may help with the pain or at least help him cope better with it. He could try mind-body techniques, acupuncture, manipulative and body-based techniques, or energy therapies.Super job!
اسلاید 29: 44-29Insurance and CAMCoverage varies Lack of research and documentation of efficacyEmphasis on physiological or biochemical response to therapies Alternative health insurance companies emerging in response to need
اسلاید 30: 44-30Insurance and CAM (cont.)Medical assistantKnow whether or not CAM treatments are covered by insuranceResources Insurance companiesState agency that regulates the insurance industry
اسلاید 31: 44-31Regulation of CAM TherapiesNational Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM)Research Training and career developmentConferences and educational programsIntegration of scientifically proven CAM therapies into conventional medicine
اسلاید 32: 44-32Regulation of CAM Therapies (cont.)White House Commission on Complementary and Alternative Medicine Policy (WHCCAMP)Funding for researchCommunication between CAM and conventional practitionersAvailability of CAM practitionersState review and evaluation of CAM practitionersInsurance coverage options
اسلاید 33: 44-33Apply Your KnowledgeWhy do insurance companies not reimburse for most CAM therapies?ANSWER: Insurance companies do not reimburse for CAM therapies because of the lack of research and documentation of effectiveness of these therapies.What are the federal agencies tasked with regulation of CAM therapies? ANSWER: They are the NCCAM and WHCCAMP. Yippee! 2 for 2!
اسلاید 34: 44-34Health FraudArticles of unproven effectiveness promoted to improve health, well-being, or appearanceDeception or trickery for profitPlays on emotions and desperationRegulation FDA – safety, manufacturing, and labelingFTC – advertising
اسلاید 35: 44-35Health Fraud (cont.)Health claimsUnproven claims must include a disclaimerFDA-approved claims for food and supplementsBased on scientific evidenceOnly reduces risk / does not treat or cure
اسلاید 36: 44-36Health Fraud (cont.)
اسلاید 37: 44-37Health Fraud (cont.)
اسلاید 38: 44-38Health Fraud (cont.)Recognizing health fraud Check with the BBB or attorney general’s officeCheck with appropriate health-care groupContact the FDAIf it sounds to good to be true, it probably is not trueIf unproven, get a second opinionBe aware of “secret cures”
اسلاید 39: 44-39Apply Your KnowledgeWhy do people fall victim to fraudulent health claims?ANSWER: These claims target people who are emotional and desperate. They are hoping to find a cure, improve their health, or just look better.Bravo!
اسلاید 40: 44-40In SummaryCAM is therapy outside conventional medicineComplementary medicine is used with conventional medicineAlternative medicine is used in place of conventional medicine5 classificationsMedical assistant must understandCAM therapiesInsurance reimbursementHealth fraud
اسلاید 41: 44-41There is a magnet in your heart that will attract true friends. That magnet is unselfishness, thinking of others first; when you learn to live for others, they will live for you. ~ Paramahansa YoganandaThe End
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